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02/07/2025


Sentences were considered of high or low consensus if they were voted by ≥ 80%, or  less then  80%, respectively; those obtaining a low consensus level after both voting rounds were rejected. Forty-five statements were developed and voted by 71 experts. The median rate of abstention per statement was 9.9% (range 0-53.5%). At the end of the process, one statement was rejected, another revised, and all the remaining achieved a high consensus. Forty-four recommendations covering all aspects of the management of gastric cancer and concise treatment algorithms are proposed by the Hellenic and Cypriot Gastric Cancer Study Group. The importance of centralization, care by a multidisciplinary team, adherence to guidelines, and individualization are emphasized.A 69-year-old woman had been undergoing treatment with methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis for 9 years. Because fever and right hypochondriac pain continued, she visited the nearby hospital. The enlargement of intraabdominal multiple lymph nodes was detected through abdominal computed tomography. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a depressed lesion in the lower intrathoracic esophagus, and squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed by a biopsy. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography showed a highly abnormal accumulation of lymph nodes, mainly in the upper abdomen, and some lymph nodes around the aorta. Suspecting methotrexate-lymphoproliferative disorder, we discontinued the oral administration of methotrexate. Multiple lymphadenopathy reduced by the withdrawal of the oral administration of methotrexate. We operated for esophageal cancer, and she was discharged on the 17th postoperative day. The postoperative pathological result showed moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Metastasis to the lymph nodes around the esophagus was observed, and the patient was diagnosed with T1b (SM3), N2 M0, Stage II cancer. Immunostaining showed enlarged lymph nodes composed of CD20-positive cells and with cells positive for EBV-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization. This case shows that patients with rheumatoid arthritis who are being administered methotrexate may have enlarged lymph nodes due to methotrexate-lymphoproliferative disorder.Nephroptosis is a benign disorder defined as a significant descent of the affected kidney as the patient moves from supine to erect. Patients with nephroptosis sometimes manifest symptoms including abdominal pain, back pain, nausea and hematuria, while the majority of those are asymptomatic. Downward migration of the affected kidney induced by a postural change from the supine to the upright position underlies the pathophysiology of nephroptosis. The diagnosis of nephroptosis is difficult since routine imaging examinations are conducted in the supine position alone. Here, we report a case presenting recurrent abdominal pain due to unknown causes. This patient was successfully diagnosed as nephroptosis by ultrasonography and drip infusion pyelography, both of which were performed in both supine and upright positions. This case report strongly suggests that we need to take into consideration a possibility of nephroptosis when we encounter with patients complaining abdominal and/or back pain due to unknown causes.BACKGROUND Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a very common skin cancer in Caucasians. Although rarely life-threatening, it can be locally destructive and consumes a considerable amount of health expenditure. Treatments that are safe, cost-effective and can be carried out in primary care with a high cure rate and good cosmetic results for selected cases of BCC need to be explored. AIMS This retrospective study was carried out to assess whether cryosurgery is a reasonable option for treating select cases of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) in primary care under local anaesthetic by an expert cryosurgeon. METHOD The treatment and outcome of 184 consecutive, histologically diagnosed BCCs in 138 patients in one primary care setting over a 5-year period was analysed. RESULTS One hundred (54%) BCCs were treated with cryosurgery, 57 (31%) treated by excision in primary care, 13 (7%) by photodynamic therapy (PDT), 12 (7%) by referral to plastic surgery mostly for flaps or grafts and 2 (1%) by imiquimod 5%. CONCLUSIONS Just over half of all BCCs in this survey were treated using cryosurgery (100 = 54%) and 79 were followed up for more than 5 years. The cure rate with cryosurgery was 95% after 5 years (95% CI, 0.8686-0.9837) with an excellent or good cosmetic outcome in 92%.Hydro-geochemical data are required for understanding of water quality, provenance, and chemical composition for the 2,117,700 km2 Niger River Basin. This study presents hydro-geochemical analysis of the Benue River Basin, a major tributary of the Niger River. The distribution of major ions, Si, δD, and δ18O, trace and rare-earth elements (TE and REEs, respectively) composition in 86 random water samples, revealed mixing of groundwater with surface water to recharge shallow aquifers by July and September rains. Equilibration of groundwater with kaolinite and montmorillonites, by incongruent dissolution, imprints hydro-chemical signatures that vary from Ca + Mg - NO3 in shallow wells to Na + K - HCO3 in boreholes and surface waters, with undesirable concentrations of fluoride identified as major source of fluorosis in the local population. Our results further indicate non-isochemical dissolution of local rocks by water, with springs, wells and borehole waters exhibiting surface water-gaining, weakest water-rocled to deposition by eolian dust.Mutations in THAP1 (THAP domain-containing apoptosis-associated protein 1) are responsible for DYT6 dystonia. Until now, more than eighty different mutations in THAP1 gene have been found in patients with primary dystonia, and two third of them are missense mutations. The potential pathogeneses of these missense mutations in human are largely elusive. In the present study, we generated stable transfected human neuronal cell lines expressing wild-type or mutated THAP1 proteins found in DYT6 patients. Transcriptional profiling using microarrays revealed a set of 28 common genes dysregulated in two mutated THAP1 (S21T and F81L) overexpression cell lines suggesting a common mechanism of these mutations. ChIP-seq showed that THAP1 can bind to the promoter of one of these genes, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/heparan-sulfate.html Overexpression of THAP1 in SK-N-AS cells resulted in increased SOD2 protein expression, whereas fibroblasts from THAP1 patients have less SOD2 expression, which indicates that SOD2 is a direct target gene of THAP1.

02/07/2025


019). Subjects with submalleolar AS and studs showed significantly better results than subjects with supramalleolar AS on the CAIT- score (p=.024, p=.030) and the side- hop test (p=.050, p=.045). They also scored significantly better than subjects with submalleolar AS for the side - hop test (p=.032), foot - lift test (p=.019) and figure-of 8 hop test (p=.011).

Barefoot sports performing subjects appear to have better ankle stability compared to subjects performing their sports with shoe support. Subjects performing sports with high AS appear to have worst ankle stability.

Level III, Cross-sectional study.
Level III, Cross-sectional study.Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have been widely used and it is expected to use for the clinical examination and image. The objective of the current study was to synthesize material decomposition images of bone-water (bone(water)) and fat-water (fat(water)) reconstructed from dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) using an equivalent kilovoltage-CT (kV-CT) image and a deep conditional GAN. The effective atomic number images were reconstructed using DECT. We used 18,084 images of 28 patients divided into two datasets the training data for the model included 16,146 images (20 patients) and the test data for evaluation included 1938 images (8 patients). Image prediction frameworks of the equivalent single energy CT images at 120 kVp to the effective atomic number images were created. The image-synthesis framework was based on a CNN with a generator and discriminator. The mean absolute error (MAE), relative mean square error (MSE), relative root mean square error (RMSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index (SSIM), and mutual information (MI) were evaluated. The Hounsfield unit (HU) difference between the synthesized and reference material decomposition images of bone(water) and fat(water) were within 5.3 HU and 20.3 HU, respectively. The average MAE, MSE, RMSE, SSIM, and MI of the synthesized and reference material decomposition of the bone(water) images were 0.8, 1.3, 0.9, 0.9, 55.3, and 0.8, respectively. The average MAE, MSE, RMSE, SSIM, and MI of the synthesized and reference material decomposition of the fat(water) images were 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.9, 72.1, and 1.4, respectively. The proposed model can act as a suitable alternative to the existing methods for the reconstruction of material decomposition images of bone(water) and fat(water) reconstructed via DECT from kV-CT.Reducing the Campylobacter load on poultry carcasses represents a major tasks for the industry as its ability to reduce their presence is of major interest aiming to increase consumer safety. This study investigated the ability of a mixture of natural antimicrobials (A3001) to reduce the adherence of the T6SS+/-C. coli isolates (NC1hcp-, NC2 hcp- and NC3 hcp+) to chicken neck skin and whole carcasses. Overall, the antimicrobial mixture induced a significant reduction in the capability of our C. coli isolates to colonise the chicken skin (p less then 0.05) and carcasses (p less then 0.0001) but with a greater effect (≈3 log reduction) on the NC3 isolate. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/polyinosinic-acid-polycytidylic-acid.html Using the HCT-8 in vitro infection model we also show that at a concentration of 0.5% A3001, the impact on the NC3 isolate is accompanied by the downregulation of the hcp gene (p = 0.0001), and indicator of the T6SS presence. The results described herein also indicated that these isolates are highly resistant to H2O2, up to 20 mM, suggesting a high resilience to environmental stresses. In summary our study shows that natural antimicrobials can reduce the ability of T6SS positive chicken C. coli isolates to adhere to chicken skin or to the whole carcass and to infect epithelial cells in vitro and could be considered a potential intervention at processor level.The use of Whole genome sequencing (WGS) identified a multi-country outbreak of human listeriosis associated with consumption of frozen sweet corn produced in Hungary. The purpose of this report was to summarise information on the cases occurring in the UK which were part of this outbreak and outline investigations on the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in the affected food chain. Prior to the international recall of this product in 2018, 12 UK cases of listeriosis were identified as infected by the outbreak strain between 2015 and 18. Epidemiological and microbiological investigations confirmed these cases as belonging to the outbreak. A further case occurred in 2019 and a contaminated frozen pack from one of the implicated batches of sweet corn was recovered from the patient's domestic freezer. The outbreak strain was also detected in products from a sandwich manufacturer in 2018 which added frozen sweet corn directly to sandwich fillings. The sandwich manufacturer's sweet corn was supplied by a distribunce to understand complex food chains. This report also highlights risks for transmission of human listeriosis from frozen sweet corn and the potential for misuse of this food as a ready-to-eat product.Ochratoxin A (OTA) occurrence in grapes is caused by black Aspergilli (Aspergillus carbonarius followed by A. niger) vineyards contamination. It depends on climatic conditions, geographical regions, damage by insects, and grape varieties. Good agricultural practices, pesticides, and fungicides seem adequate to manage the problem during low OTA risk vintages, but the development of new strategies is always encouraged, especially when an extremely favourable condition occurs in the vineyard. Electrolysed oxidising water (EOW) has become an interesting alternative to chemicals in agriculture, mainly during the post-harvest phase. This study tested the fungicidal efficacy of EOW generated by potassium chloride, in vitro, on black Aspergilli conidia, and detached grape berries infected by A. carbonarius. Then, during field trials on Primitivo cv vineyard treated with EOW, A. carbonarius contamination, and OTA levels were compared with Switch® fungicide treatment (0.8 g/l). Black Aspergilli conidia were killed on plate assay after 2 min of treatment by EOW containing >0.4 g/l of active chlorine. EOW (0.6 g/l active chlorine) treatment reduced the rate of A. carbonarius infections in vitro of about 87-92% on detached berries and, more than half in the field trials, although Switch® showed better performance. A significant reduction in the OTA concentration was observed for the EOW and Switch® treatments in vitro (92% and 96%, respectively), while in the field trials, although the average decrease in OTA was recorded in the treated grapes, it was not statistically significant. These results highlighted that EOW could be considered effective, as a substitute for fungicides, to reduce the contamination of A. carbonarius and OTA on grapes.

02/07/2025


The present work was designed to identify and characterize novel antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from Charybdis pancration (Steinh.) Speta, previously named Urginea maritima, is a Mediterranean plant, well-known for its biological properties in traditional medicine. Polypeptide-enriched extracts from different parts of the plant (roots, leaves and bulb), never studied before, were tested against two relevant pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. With the aim of identifying novel natural AMPs, peptide fraction displaying antimicrobial activity (the bulb) that showed minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) equal to 30 µg/mL against the above mentioned strains, was analysed by high-resolution mass spectrometry and database search. Seventeen peptides, related to seven proteins present in the investigated database, were described. Furthermore, we focused on three peptides, which due to their net positive charge, have a better chance to be AMPs and they were investigated by molecular modelling approaches, in order to shed light on the solution properties of their equilibrium structures. Some of new detected peptides could represent a good platform for the development of new antimicrobials in the fight against antibiotic resistance phenomenon.
Imidazo[2,1-
]thiazole scaffolds were reported to possess various pharmaceutical activities.

The novel compound named methyl-2-(1-(3-methyl-6-(
-tolyl)imidazo[2,1-
]thiazol-2-yl)ethylidene)hydrazine-1-carbodithioate
acted as a predecessor molecule for the synthesis of new thiadiazole derivatives incorporating imidazo[2,1-
]thiazole moiety. The reaction of
with the appropriate hydrazonoyl halide derivatives
-
and
-
had produced the respective 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives
-
and
-
. The chemical composition of all the newly synthesized derivatives were confirmed by their microanalytical and spectral data (FT-IR, mass spectrometry,
H-NMR and
C-NMR). All the produced novel compounds were screened for their anti-proliferative efficacy on hepatic cancer cell lines (HepG
). In addition, a computational molecular docking study was carried out to determine the ability of the synthesized thiadiazole molecules to interact with active site of the target Glypican-3 protein (GPC-3). Moreover, the physiochemical properties of the synthesized compounds were derived to determine the viability of the compounds as drug candidates for hepatic cancer.

All the tested compounds had exhibited good anti-proliferative efficacy against hepatic cancer cell lines. In addition, the molecular docking results showed strong binding interactions of the synthesized compounds with the target GPC-3 protein with lower energy scores. Thus, such novel compounds may act as promising candidates as drugs against hepatocellular carcinoma.
All the tested compounds had exhibited good anti-proliferative efficacy against hepatic cancer cell lines. In addition, the molecular docking results showed strong binding interactions of the synthesized compounds with the target GPC-3 protein with lower energy scores. Thus, such novel compounds may act as promising candidates as drugs against hepatocellular carcinoma.Internet of Things (IoT) technology is increasingly pervasive in all aspects of our life and its usage is anticipated to significantly increase in future Smart Cities to support their myriad of revolutionary applications. This paper introduces a new architecture that can support several IoT-enabled smart home use cases, with a specified level of security and privacy preservation. The security threats that may target such an architecture are highlighted along with the cryptographic algorithms that can prevent them. An experimental study is performed to provide more insights about the suitability of several lightweight cryptographic algorithms for use in securing the constrained IoT devices used in the proposed architecture. The obtained results showed that many modern lightweight symmetric cryptography algorithms, as CLEFIA and TRIVIUM, are optimized for hardware implementations and can consume up to 10 times more energy than the legacy techniques when they are implemented in software. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cm-4620.html Moreover, the experiments results highlight that CLEFIA significantly outperforms TRIVIUM under all of the investigated test cases, and the latter performs 100 times worse than the legacy cryptographic algorithms tested.Atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology has started to attract attention as an efficient method for obtaining bioactive, ultrathin oxide coatings. In this study, using ALD, we have created titanium dioxide (TiO2) layers. The coatings were characterised in terms of physicochemical and biological properties. The chemical composition of coatings, as well as thickness, roughness, wettability, was determined using XPS, XRD, XRR. Cytocompatibillity of ALD TiO2 coatings was accessed applying model of mouse pre-osteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1. The accumulation of transcripts essential for bone metabolism (both mRNA and miRNA) was determined using RT-qPCR. Obtained ALD TiO2 coatings were characterised as amorphous and homogeneous. Cytocompatibility of the layers was expressed by proper morphology and growth pattern of the osteoblasts, as well as their increased viability, proliferative and metabolic activity. Simultaneously, we observed decreased activity of osteoclasts. Obtained coatings promoted expression of Opn, Coll-1, miR-17 and miR-21 in MC3T3-E1 cells. The results are promising in terms of the potential application of TiO2 coatings obtained by ALD in the field of orthopaedics, especially in terms of metabolic- and age-related bone diseases, including osteoporosis.Biopolymeric chitosan structure (Cs) is rationally investigated owing to its potentiality in pharmaceutical applications. The synthetic routes of biomimetic Cs-based blend electrospun nanofibers were studied. Herein, biocompatible crosslinked electrospun polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Cs-reduced gold nanoparticles (Cs(Rg))/β-CD (beta-cyclodextrin) in pure water were fabricated. To this end, supportive PVA as a carrier, Cs bio modifier, and gold reductant and β-CD as smoother, inclusion guest molecule, and capping agent exhibit efficient entrapment of moxifloxacin (Mox) and consequently accelerate release. Besides, PVA/Cs(Rg)/β-CD paves towards controlled drug encapsulation-release affinity, antimicrobial, and for wound dressing. Without losing the nanofiber structure, the webs prolonged stability for particle size and release content up to 96.4%. The synergistic effect of the nanoformulation PVA/Cs(Rg)/β-CD against pathogenic bacteria, fungus, and yeast, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger, posed clear zones up to 53 φmm.

Videos

11/11/2023

The military coup in Niger received considerable media coverage in late July, as the Presidential Guard deposed of Nigerien President Mohamed Bazoum. This coup received significant support from neighboring countries like Burkina Faso, Mali and Guinea, who like Niger, were previously under French colonial influence.

These neighboring countries have since joined a military coalition with Niger, with backing from Algeria, amid growing fears of a potential intervention by the Western-backed states in the ECOWAS coalition. Is a military confronation on the horizon? Or can this be resolved through diplomacy?

The host of The MO Manila Chan sits down with West Africa expert Koffi Kouakou to find the answers to these questions and what the future holds for Niger and the countries of the Sahel.

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11/11/2023

The military coup in Niger received considerable media coverage in late July, as the Presidential Guard deposed of Nigerien President Mohamed Bazoum. This coup received significant support from neighboring countries like Burkina Faso, Mali and Guinea, who like Niger, were previously under French colonial influence.

These neighboring countries have since joined a military coalition with Niger, with backing from Algeria, amid growing fears of a potential intervention by the Western-backed states in the ECOWAS coalition. Is a military confronation on the horizon? Or can this be resolved through diplomacy?

The host of The MO Manila Chan sits down with West Africa expert Koffi Kouakou to find the answers to these questions and what the future holds for Niger and the countries of the Sahel.

Welcome to The Daily Wrap Up, a concise show dedicated to bringing you the most relevant independent news, as we see it, from the last 24 hours.

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02/07/2025


Sentences were considered of high or low consensus if they were voted by ≥ 80%, or  less then  80%, respectively; those obtaining a low consensus level after both voting rounds were rejected. Forty-five statements were developed and voted by 71 experts. The median rate of abstention per statement was 9.9% (range 0-53.5%). At the end of the process, one statement was rejected, another revised, and all the remaining achieved a high consensus. Forty-four recommendations covering all aspects of the management of gastric cancer and concise treatment algorithms are proposed by the Hellenic and Cypriot Gastric Cancer Study Group. The importance of centralization, care by a multidisciplinary team, adherence to guidelines, and individualization are emphasized.A 69-year-old woman had been undergoing treatment with methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis for 9 years. Because fever and right hypochondriac pain continued, she visited the nearby hospital. The enlargement of intraabdominal multiple lymph nodes was detected through abdominal computed tomography. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a depressed lesion in the lower intrathoracic esophagus, and squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed by a biopsy. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography showed a highly abnormal accumulation of lymph nodes, mainly in the upper abdomen, and some lymph nodes around the aorta. Suspecting methotrexate-lymphoproliferative disorder, we discontinued the oral administration of methotrexate. Multiple lymphadenopathy reduced by the withdrawal of the oral administration of methotrexate. We operated for esophageal cancer, and she was discharged on the 17th postoperative day. The postoperative pathological result showed moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Metastasis to the lymph nodes around the esophagus was observed, and the patient was diagnosed with T1b (SM3), N2 M0, Stage II cancer. Immunostaining showed enlarged lymph nodes composed of CD20-positive cells and with cells positive for EBV-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization. This case shows that patients with rheumatoid arthritis who are being administered methotrexate may have enlarged lymph nodes due to methotrexate-lymphoproliferative disorder.Nephroptosis is a benign disorder defined as a significant descent of the affected kidney as the patient moves from supine to erect. Patients with nephroptosis sometimes manifest symptoms including abdominal pain, back pain, nausea and hematuria, while the majority of those are asymptomatic. Downward migration of the affected kidney induced by a postural change from the supine to the upright position underlies the pathophysiology of nephroptosis. The diagnosis of nephroptosis is difficult since routine imaging examinations are conducted in the supine position alone. Here, we report a case presenting recurrent abdominal pain due to unknown causes. This patient was successfully diagnosed as nephroptosis by ultrasonography and drip infusion pyelography, both of which were performed in both supine and upright positions. This case report strongly suggests that we need to take into consideration a possibility of nephroptosis when we encounter with patients complaining abdominal and/or back pain due to unknown causes.BACKGROUND Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a very common skin cancer in Caucasians. Although rarely life-threatening, it can be locally destructive and consumes a considerable amount of health expenditure. Treatments that are safe, cost-effective and can be carried out in primary care with a high cure rate and good cosmetic results for selected cases of BCC need to be explored. AIMS This retrospective study was carried out to assess whether cryosurgery is a reasonable option for treating select cases of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) in primary care under local anaesthetic by an expert cryosurgeon. METHOD The treatment and outcome of 184 consecutive, histologically diagnosed BCCs in 138 patients in one primary care setting over a 5-year period was analysed. RESULTS One hundred (54%) BCCs were treated with cryosurgery, 57 (31%) treated by excision in primary care, 13 (7%) by photodynamic therapy (PDT), 12 (7%) by referral to plastic surgery mostly for flaps or grafts and 2 (1%) by imiquimod 5%. CONCLUSIONS Just over half of all BCCs in this survey were treated using cryosurgery (100 = 54%) and 79 were followed up for more than 5 years. The cure rate with cryosurgery was 95% after 5 years (95% CI, 0.8686-0.9837) with an excellent or good cosmetic outcome in 92%.Hydro-geochemical data are required for understanding of water quality, provenance, and chemical composition for the 2,117,700 km2 Niger River Basin. This study presents hydro-geochemical analysis of the Benue River Basin, a major tributary of the Niger River. The distribution of major ions, Si, δD, and δ18O, trace and rare-earth elements (TE and REEs, respectively) composition in 86 random water samples, revealed mixing of groundwater with surface water to recharge shallow aquifers by July and September rains. Equilibration of groundwater with kaolinite and montmorillonites, by incongruent dissolution, imprints hydro-chemical signatures that vary from Ca + Mg - NO3 in shallow wells to Na + K - HCO3 in boreholes and surface waters, with undesirable concentrations of fluoride identified as major source of fluorosis in the local population. Our results further indicate non-isochemical dissolution of local rocks by water, with springs, wells and borehole waters exhibiting surface water-gaining, weakest water-rocled to deposition by eolian dust.Mutations in THAP1 (THAP domain-containing apoptosis-associated protein 1) are responsible for DYT6 dystonia. Until now, more than eighty different mutations in THAP1 gene have been found in patients with primary dystonia, and two third of them are missense mutations. The potential pathogeneses of these missense mutations in human are largely elusive. In the present study, we generated stable transfected human neuronal cell lines expressing wild-type or mutated THAP1 proteins found in DYT6 patients. Transcriptional profiling using microarrays revealed a set of 28 common genes dysregulated in two mutated THAP1 (S21T and F81L) overexpression cell lines suggesting a common mechanism of these mutations. ChIP-seq showed that THAP1 can bind to the promoter of one of these genes, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/heparan-sulfate.html Overexpression of THAP1 in SK-N-AS cells resulted in increased SOD2 protein expression, whereas fibroblasts from THAP1 patients have less SOD2 expression, which indicates that SOD2 is a direct target gene of THAP1.

02/07/2025


019). Subjects with submalleolar AS and studs showed significantly better results than subjects with supramalleolar AS on the CAIT- score (p=.024, p=.030) and the side- hop test (p=.050, p=.045). They also scored significantly better than subjects with submalleolar AS for the side - hop test (p=.032), foot - lift test (p=.019) and figure-of 8 hop test (p=.011).

Barefoot sports performing subjects appear to have better ankle stability compared to subjects performing their sports with shoe support. Subjects performing sports with high AS appear to have worst ankle stability.

Level III, Cross-sectional study.
Level III, Cross-sectional study.Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have been widely used and it is expected to use for the clinical examination and image. The objective of the current study was to synthesize material decomposition images of bone-water (bone(water)) and fat-water (fat(water)) reconstructed from dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) using an equivalent kilovoltage-CT (kV-CT) image and a deep conditional GAN. The effective atomic number images were reconstructed using DECT. We used 18,084 images of 28 patients divided into two datasets the training data for the model included 16,146 images (20 patients) and the test data for evaluation included 1938 images (8 patients). Image prediction frameworks of the equivalent single energy CT images at 120 kVp to the effective atomic number images were created. The image-synthesis framework was based on a CNN with a generator and discriminator. The mean absolute error (MAE), relative mean square error (MSE), relative root mean square error (RMSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index (SSIM), and mutual information (MI) were evaluated. The Hounsfield unit (HU) difference between the synthesized and reference material decomposition images of bone(water) and fat(water) were within 5.3 HU and 20.3 HU, respectively. The average MAE, MSE, RMSE, SSIM, and MI of the synthesized and reference material decomposition of the bone(water) images were 0.8, 1.3, 0.9, 0.9, 55.3, and 0.8, respectively. The average MAE, MSE, RMSE, SSIM, and MI of the synthesized and reference material decomposition of the fat(water) images were 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.9, 72.1, and 1.4, respectively. The proposed model can act as a suitable alternative to the existing methods for the reconstruction of material decomposition images of bone(water) and fat(water) reconstructed via DECT from kV-CT.Reducing the Campylobacter load on poultry carcasses represents a major tasks for the industry as its ability to reduce their presence is of major interest aiming to increase consumer safety. This study investigated the ability of a mixture of natural antimicrobials (A3001) to reduce the adherence of the T6SS+/-C. coli isolates (NC1hcp-, NC2 hcp- and NC3 hcp+) to chicken neck skin and whole carcasses. Overall, the antimicrobial mixture induced a significant reduction in the capability of our C. coli isolates to colonise the chicken skin (p less then 0.05) and carcasses (p less then 0.0001) but with a greater effect (≈3 log reduction) on the NC3 isolate. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/polyinosinic-acid-polycytidylic-acid.html Using the HCT-8 in vitro infection model we also show that at a concentration of 0.5% A3001, the impact on the NC3 isolate is accompanied by the downregulation of the hcp gene (p = 0.0001), and indicator of the T6SS presence. The results described herein also indicated that these isolates are highly resistant to H2O2, up to 20 mM, suggesting a high resilience to environmental stresses. In summary our study shows that natural antimicrobials can reduce the ability of T6SS positive chicken C. coli isolates to adhere to chicken skin or to the whole carcass and to infect epithelial cells in vitro and could be considered a potential intervention at processor level.The use of Whole genome sequencing (WGS) identified a multi-country outbreak of human listeriosis associated with consumption of frozen sweet corn produced in Hungary. The purpose of this report was to summarise information on the cases occurring in the UK which were part of this outbreak and outline investigations on the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in the affected food chain. Prior to the international recall of this product in 2018, 12 UK cases of listeriosis were identified as infected by the outbreak strain between 2015 and 18. Epidemiological and microbiological investigations confirmed these cases as belonging to the outbreak. A further case occurred in 2019 and a contaminated frozen pack from one of the implicated batches of sweet corn was recovered from the patient's domestic freezer. The outbreak strain was also detected in products from a sandwich manufacturer in 2018 which added frozen sweet corn directly to sandwich fillings. The sandwich manufacturer's sweet corn was supplied by a distribunce to understand complex food chains. This report also highlights risks for transmission of human listeriosis from frozen sweet corn and the potential for misuse of this food as a ready-to-eat product.Ochratoxin A (OTA) occurrence in grapes is caused by black Aspergilli (Aspergillus carbonarius followed by A. niger) vineyards contamination. It depends on climatic conditions, geographical regions, damage by insects, and grape varieties. Good agricultural practices, pesticides, and fungicides seem adequate to manage the problem during low OTA risk vintages, but the development of new strategies is always encouraged, especially when an extremely favourable condition occurs in the vineyard. Electrolysed oxidising water (EOW) has become an interesting alternative to chemicals in agriculture, mainly during the post-harvest phase. This study tested the fungicidal efficacy of EOW generated by potassium chloride, in vitro, on black Aspergilli conidia, and detached grape berries infected by A. carbonarius. Then, during field trials on Primitivo cv vineyard treated with EOW, A. carbonarius contamination, and OTA levels were compared with Switch® fungicide treatment (0.8 g/l). Black Aspergilli conidia were killed on plate assay after 2 min of treatment by EOW containing >0.4 g/l of active chlorine. EOW (0.6 g/l active chlorine) treatment reduced the rate of A. carbonarius infections in vitro of about 87-92% on detached berries and, more than half in the field trials, although Switch® showed better performance. A significant reduction in the OTA concentration was observed for the EOW and Switch® treatments in vitro (92% and 96%, respectively), while in the field trials, although the average decrease in OTA was recorded in the treated grapes, it was not statistically significant. These results highlighted that EOW could be considered effective, as a substitute for fungicides, to reduce the contamination of A. carbonarius and OTA on grapes.

02/07/2025


The present work was designed to identify and characterize novel antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from Charybdis pancration (Steinh.) Speta, previously named Urginea maritima, is a Mediterranean plant, well-known for its biological properties in traditional medicine. Polypeptide-enriched extracts from different parts of the plant (roots, leaves and bulb), never studied before, were tested against two relevant pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. With the aim of identifying novel natural AMPs, peptide fraction displaying antimicrobial activity (the bulb) that showed minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) equal to 30 µg/mL against the above mentioned strains, was analysed by high-resolution mass spectrometry and database search. Seventeen peptides, related to seven proteins present in the investigated database, were described. Furthermore, we focused on three peptides, which due to their net positive charge, have a better chance to be AMPs and they were investigated by molecular modelling approaches, in order to shed light on the solution properties of their equilibrium structures. Some of new detected peptides could represent a good platform for the development of new antimicrobials in the fight against antibiotic resistance phenomenon.
Imidazo[2,1-
]thiazole scaffolds were reported to possess various pharmaceutical activities.

The novel compound named methyl-2-(1-(3-methyl-6-(
-tolyl)imidazo[2,1-
]thiazol-2-yl)ethylidene)hydrazine-1-carbodithioate
acted as a predecessor molecule for the synthesis of new thiadiazole derivatives incorporating imidazo[2,1-
]thiazole moiety. The reaction of
with the appropriate hydrazonoyl halide derivatives
-
and
-
had produced the respective 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives
-
and
-
. The chemical composition of all the newly synthesized derivatives were confirmed by their microanalytical and spectral data (FT-IR, mass spectrometry,
H-NMR and
C-NMR). All the produced novel compounds were screened for their anti-proliferative efficacy on hepatic cancer cell lines (HepG
). In addition, a computational molecular docking study was carried out to determine the ability of the synthesized thiadiazole molecules to interact with active site of the target Glypican-3 protein (GPC-3). Moreover, the physiochemical properties of the synthesized compounds were derived to determine the viability of the compounds as drug candidates for hepatic cancer.

All the tested compounds had exhibited good anti-proliferative efficacy against hepatic cancer cell lines. In addition, the molecular docking results showed strong binding interactions of the synthesized compounds with the target GPC-3 protein with lower energy scores. Thus, such novel compounds may act as promising candidates as drugs against hepatocellular carcinoma.
All the tested compounds had exhibited good anti-proliferative efficacy against hepatic cancer cell lines. In addition, the molecular docking results showed strong binding interactions of the synthesized compounds with the target GPC-3 protein with lower energy scores. Thus, such novel compounds may act as promising candidates as drugs against hepatocellular carcinoma.Internet of Things (IoT) technology is increasingly pervasive in all aspects of our life and its usage is anticipated to significantly increase in future Smart Cities to support their myriad of revolutionary applications. This paper introduces a new architecture that can support several IoT-enabled smart home use cases, with a specified level of security and privacy preservation. The security threats that may target such an architecture are highlighted along with the cryptographic algorithms that can prevent them. An experimental study is performed to provide more insights about the suitability of several lightweight cryptographic algorithms for use in securing the constrained IoT devices used in the proposed architecture. The obtained results showed that many modern lightweight symmetric cryptography algorithms, as CLEFIA and TRIVIUM, are optimized for hardware implementations and can consume up to 10 times more energy than the legacy techniques when they are implemented in software. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cm-4620.html Moreover, the experiments results highlight that CLEFIA significantly outperforms TRIVIUM under all of the investigated test cases, and the latter performs 100 times worse than the legacy cryptographic algorithms tested.Atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology has started to attract attention as an efficient method for obtaining bioactive, ultrathin oxide coatings. In this study, using ALD, we have created titanium dioxide (TiO2) layers. The coatings were characterised in terms of physicochemical and biological properties. The chemical composition of coatings, as well as thickness, roughness, wettability, was determined using XPS, XRD, XRR. Cytocompatibillity of ALD TiO2 coatings was accessed applying model of mouse pre-osteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1. The accumulation of transcripts essential for bone metabolism (both mRNA and miRNA) was determined using RT-qPCR. Obtained ALD TiO2 coatings were characterised as amorphous and homogeneous. Cytocompatibility of the layers was expressed by proper morphology and growth pattern of the osteoblasts, as well as their increased viability, proliferative and metabolic activity. Simultaneously, we observed decreased activity of osteoclasts. Obtained coatings promoted expression of Opn, Coll-1, miR-17 and miR-21 in MC3T3-E1 cells. The results are promising in terms of the potential application of TiO2 coatings obtained by ALD in the field of orthopaedics, especially in terms of metabolic- and age-related bone diseases, including osteoporosis.Biopolymeric chitosan structure (Cs) is rationally investigated owing to its potentiality in pharmaceutical applications. The synthetic routes of biomimetic Cs-based blend electrospun nanofibers were studied. Herein, biocompatible crosslinked electrospun polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Cs-reduced gold nanoparticles (Cs(Rg))/β-CD (beta-cyclodextrin) in pure water were fabricated. To this end, supportive PVA as a carrier, Cs bio modifier, and gold reductant and β-CD as smoother, inclusion guest molecule, and capping agent exhibit efficient entrapment of moxifloxacin (Mox) and consequently accelerate release. Besides, PVA/Cs(Rg)/β-CD paves towards controlled drug encapsulation-release affinity, antimicrobial, and for wound dressing. Without losing the nanofiber structure, the webs prolonged stability for particle size and release content up to 96.4%. The synergistic effect of the nanoformulation PVA/Cs(Rg)/β-CD against pathogenic bacteria, fungus, and yeast, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger, posed clear zones up to 53 φmm.

02/07/2025


Aegerolysins are small lipid-binding proteins particularly abundant in fungi. Aegerolysins from oyster mushrooms interact with an insect-specific membrane lipid and, together with MACPF proteins produced by the same organism, form pesticidal pore-forming complexes. The specific interaction with the same membrane lipid was recently demonstrated for nigerolysin A2 (NigA2), an aegerolysin from Aspergillus niger. In Aspergillus species, the aegerolysins were frequently found as secreted proteins, indicating their function in fungal defense. Using immunocytochemistry and live-cell imaging we investigated the subcellular localization of the nigerolysins A in A. niger, while their secretion was addressed by secretion prediction and Western blotting. We show that both nigerolysins A are leaderless proteins that reach the cell exterior by an unconventional protein secretion. NigA proteins are evenly distributed in the cytoplasm of fungal hyphae. A detailed bioinformatics analysis of Aspergillus aegerolysins suggests that the same function occurs only in a limited number of aegerolysins. From alignment, analysis of chromosomal loci, orthology, synteny, and phylogeny it follows that the same or a similar function described for pairs of pesticidal proteins of Pleurotus sp. can be expected in species of the subgenus Circumdati, section Nigri, series Nigri, and some other species with adjacent pairs of putative pesticidal proteins.Ontogenetic changes in venom composition have been described in Bothrops snakes, but only a few studies have attempted to identify the targeted paralogues or the molecular mechanisms involved in modifications of gene expression during ontogeny. In this study, we decoded B. jararacussu venom gland transcripts from six specimens of varying sizes and analyzed the variability in the composition of independent venom proteomes from 19 individuals. We identified 125 distinct putative toxin transcripts, and of these, 73 were detected in venom proteomes and only 10 were involved in the ontogenetic changes. Ontogenetic variability was linearly related to snake size and did not correspond to the maturation of the reproductive stage. Changes in the transcriptome were highly predictive of changes in the venom proteome. The basic myotoxic phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) were the most abundant components in larger snakes, while in venoms from smaller snakes, PIII-class SVMPs were the major components. The snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) identified corresponded to novel sequences and conferred higher pro-coagulant and hemorrhagic functions to the venom of small snakes. The mechanisms modulating venom variability are predominantly related to transcriptional events and may consist of an advantage of higher hematotoxicity and more efficient predatory function in the venom from small snakes.Prevalence of diet-related behaviors (i.e., breakfast consumption, eating with the family) and their association with a 17-point diet quality score, constructed on the basis of reported frequency (in days/week) of vegetable, fruit, sweets and sugar-sweetened beverages consumption, was investigated among 3525 adolescents (51.5% girls) aged 11, 13 and 15 years, who were participants in the Greek arm of the international Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) cross-sectional study, during 2018. Almost one-third (32.9%) of the sample had breakfast ≤1 day/weekdays, 20.2% rarely ate with the family, 26.1% had a meal while watching TV ≥5 days/week, 31.7% had a snack in front of a screen ≥5 days/week and 24.1% ate in fast-food restaurants at least once/week. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression revealed that eating breakfast ≤1 day/weekdays compared to 4-5 days/weekdays (Odds ratio (OR) 1.56, 95% con-fidence interval (CI) 1.34-1.82), eating rarely with the family compared to almost every day (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.13-1.60) and eating in fast-food restaurants ≥2 times/week vs. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pluripotin-sc1.html rarely (OR 4.59, 95% CI 3.14-6.70) were associated with higher odds of having poor diet quality. High frequency of having meals/snacks in front of a screen/TV was also associated with poor diet quality. Efforts to prevent or modify these behaviors during adolescence may contribute to healthier diet.Punica granatum Linn (pomegranate) extracts have been proposed for wound healing due to their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this work, we designed biointeractive membranes that contain standard extracts of P. granatum for the purpose of wound healing. The used standard extract contained 32.24 mg/g of gallic acid and 41.67 mg/g of ellagic acid, and it showed high antioxidant activity (the concentration of the extract that produces 50% scavenging (IC50) 1.715 µg/mL). Compared to the gelatin-based membranes (GEL), membranes containing P. granatum extracts (GELPG) presented a higher maximal tension (p = 0.021) and swelling index (p = 0.033) and lower water vapor permeability (p = 0.003). However, no difference was observed in the elongation and elastic modulus of the two types of membranes (p > 0.05). Our wound-healing assay showed that a GELPG-treated group experienced a significant increase compared to that of the control group in their wound contraction rates on days 3 (p less then 0.01), 7 (p less then 0.001), and on day 14 (p less then 0.001). The GELPG membranes promoted major histological changes in the dynamics of wound healing, such as improvements in the formation of granular tissue, better collagen deposition and arrangement, and earlier development of cutaneous appendages. Our results suggest that a biointeractive gelatin-based membrane containing P. granatum extracts has a promising potential application for dressings that are used to treat wounds.In recent years, prognostic and health management (PHM) has played an important role in industrial engineering. Efficient remaining useful life (RUL) prediction can ensure the development of maintenance strategies and reduce industrial losses. Recently, data-driven based deep learning RUL prediction methods have attracted more attention. The convolution neural network (CNN) is a kind of deep neural network widely used in RUL prediction. It shows great potential for application in RUL prediction. A CNN is used to extract the features of time-series data according to the spatial feature method. This way of processing features without considering the time dimension will affect the prediction accuracy of the model. On the contrary, the commonly used long short-term memory (LSTM) network considers the timing of the data. However, compared with CNN, it lacks spatial data extraction capabilities. This paper proposes a double-channel hybrid prediction model based on the CNN and a bidirectional LSTM network to avoid those drawbacks.

02/07/2025


Biofilms can form in many industries, one of them is the food industry. The formation of biofilms in this industry could cause immense economic losses and endanger public health. Biofilms formation is mainly triggered by quorum sensing. Therefore, inhibition of quorum sensing could be an innovative approach to inhibit the formation of biofilms. One way to inhibit quorum sensing is by using anti-quorum sensing compounds. Actinomycetes are a group of bacteria that is acknowledged to produce these compounds.

There were eight crude extracts of Actinomycetes isolates that showed promising anti-quorum sensing activity against Chromobacterium violaceum. The concentration of the crude extracts was 20 mg/mL. All the crude extracts showed no antibacterial activity against food spoilage bacteria, except for crude extracts of isolate 18 PM that showed antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis. They also showed various antibiofilm activity, both inhibition and destruction. The highest inhibition and destruction activity sequentially was done by crude extracts of isolate 12 AC with 89.60% against Bacillus cereus and crude extracts of isolate SW03 with 93.06% against Shewanella putrefaciens.

Actinomycetes isolates that isolated from different regions in Indonesia can be used as potential candidates to overcome biofilms formed by food spoilage bacteria using their ability to produce anti-quorum sensing compounds.
Actinomycetes isolates that isolated from different regions in Indonesia can be used as potential candidates to overcome biofilms formed by food spoilage bacteria using their ability to produce anti-quorum sensing compounds.
Hypercholesterolemia has posed a serious threat of heart diseases and stroke worldwide. Xanthine oxidase (XO), the rate-limiting enzyme in uric acid biosynthesis, is regarded as the root of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that generate atherosclerosis and cholesterol crystals. β-Hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) is a rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. Although some commercially available enzyme inhibiting drugs have effectively reduced cholesterol levels, most of them have failed to meet potential drug candidates' requirements. Here, we have carried out an in-silico analysis of secondary metabolites that have already shown good inhibitory activity against XO and HMGR in a wet lab setup.

Out of 118 secondary metabolites reviewed, sixteen molecules inhibiting XO and HMGR were selected based on the IC
values reported in in vitro assays. Further, receptor-based virtual screening was carried out against secondary metabolites using GOLD Protein-Ligand Docking Software, combined supports earlier experimental evidence towards the inhibition of XO and HMGR by natural products. Further study is necessary to explore the clinical efficacy of these secondary molecules, which might be alternatives for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.
This computational analysis supports earlier experimental evidence towards the inhibition of XO and HMGR by natural products. Further study is necessary to explore the clinical efficacy of these secondary molecules, which might be alternatives for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.
In endemic areas, children develop slowly and naturally anti-Plasmodium antibodies and become semi-immune. Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine + amodiaquine (SPAQ) is a new strategy to reduce malaria morbidity in West African young children. However, SMC may impact on the natural acquisition of anti-Plasmodium immunity. This paper evaluates the effect of SMC with SPAQ on antibody concentration in young children from Niger.

This research was conducted in areas benefitting from SMC since 2014 (Zinder district), without SMC (Dosso district), and with 1 year of SMC since 2016 (Gaya district). To assess the relationship between SMC and Plasmodium falciparum IgG antibody responses, the total antibody concentrations against two P. falciparum asexual stage vaccine candidate antigens, circumsporozoite protein (CSP) and glutamate-rich protein R2 (GLURP-R2), in children aged 3 to 59months across the three areas were compared. Antibody concentrations are quantified using an enzyme-liemoprevention with SPAQ has an effect on blood stage antibody responses and pre-erythrocytic stage of P. falciparum infections in Niger. Increased antibody titres with increased SMC/SPAQ implementation. This contradicts hypothesis that SMC/SPAQ could reduce immunity to erythrocyte and liver-stage antigens. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/xmu-mp-1.html Further studies are necessary to provide better understanding of the SMC effect on malaria immunity.
Galls or the neoplastic growth on plants result from a complex type of interaction between the inducers (Acari, Insects, Microbes and Nematodes) and plants. The present study sheds light on the gall inducing habit of a highly host specific eriophyid mite, Aceria pongamiae, on the leaves of Pongamia pinnata leading to the production of abnormal pouch like outgrowths on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the foliage. Each leaf gall is a highly complex, irregular massive structure, and the formation of which often leads to complete destruction of leaves, especially during heavy mite infestation, and thereby adversely affecting the physiology and growth of the host plant.

The study was carried out by making comparative observations on FE-SEM histological sections of galls representing four different growth stages categorized on the basis of difference in age groups. Apart from variations in cell metaplasia, a dramatic change was observed in the abaxial-adaxial polarity of the laminar surfaces also throughout the developmental sequence of galls, in all the four growth stages. Significant variations could be observed in the anti-oxidative potency as well as elemental composition in the all the four age groups of galls, and also revealed ATR-FTIR pattern of gall formation.

Being the first attempt to unravel the mystery of gall induction by eriophyids in general and by A. pongamiae in particular, on its host plant P.pinnata, by shedding light on the structural and histological alterations taking place during leaf gall formation under the influence of the mite, the current study is to be treated as the model of plant-animal interactive system.
Being the first attempt to unravel the mystery of gall induction by eriophyids in general and by A. pongamiae in particular, on its host plant P.pinnata, by shedding light on the structural and histological alterations taking place during leaf gall formation under the influence of the mite, the current study is to be treated as the model of plant-animal interactive system.