(yellow), or low (green). In the red and green group, we achieved an extremely high diagnostic performance (area under the curve, 0.983; sensitivity, 98.7%; specificity, 91.4%).The chemical composition of groundwater is a product of the evolution and transformation of major ions, which come from natural hydrogeochemical processes or from anthropogenic interference. The objective of this study was to identify the hydrogeochemical processes and the influence of anthropogenic activity on the variation of chemical composition in Toluca Valley groundwater. The type of water in the zone is fundamentally Mg-Ca-HCO3. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/acetosyringone.html Three groups with different evolutionary tendencies were identified one within a local recharge zone and two others in an intermediate region with anthropic activity. The latter, which show contamination by inorganic matter (fertilizers) and organic matter (urban or industrial wastewater). The content of N-NO3- (0.024-0.219 mEq L-1), N-NH4+ (0-0.022 mEq L-1), Porg (0.03-1.02 mEq L-1) and PO43- (0.0-0.28 mEq L-1) indicated contamination coming from inorganic and organic matter. These chemical compounds were identified by way of a 3D fluorescence technique. The results of this study demonstrate that the main processes that affect and control the chemical composition of the water in the Toluca Valley aquifer are weathering of silicates, the ion exchange and a mixture process generated by a source of anthropic contamination.OBJECTIVES The adsorption of bovine milk caseins on the tooth surface might have a positive impact on the prevention of dental diseases. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of mouthrinses with different types of bovine milk and milk protein isolates to accumulate caseins in the pellicle. MATERIALS/METHODS An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was established to quantify the amount of caseins adsorbed into the in situ pellicle. In situ pellicle samples were collected from 2 volunteers on ceramic specimens (A = 8 cm2). After 10 min of pellicle formation, different types of bovine milk, 3% micellar casein in synthetic milk ultrafiltrate (SMUF) or 3% non-micellar caseinate in SMUF, were used as mouthrinses for 10 min. The pellicle material was harvested after 30 min in situ and examined for caseins by the indirect ELISA. Selected pellicle samples were subjected to TEM analysis. RESULTS All mouthrinses accumulated caseins in the in situ pellicle (2.0 ± 0.7-20 ± 1.7 μg/ml) that, under native conditions, expressed no casein signal. Micellar protein association increased the adsorption of casein into the pellicle. Milk homogenization also had an influence on the casein accumulation in the pellicle. TEM analysis confirmed the integration of micellar casein into the pellicle. CONCLUSION The mouthrinses altered the protein composition and the ultrastructure of the in situ pellicle to a different extent bovine milk with 3.8% fat content and 3% micellar casein in SMUF being particularly effective. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The study provides interesting perspectives for innovative prevention strategies in dentistry.PURPOSE To determine whether fatal family history (FFH) or mode of inheritance in prostate cancer (PCa) has an impact on long-term outcomes following radical prostatectomy (RP). METHODS 1076 PCa patients after RP with at least one deceased first-degree relative with PCa were included and stratified by FFH (four subgroups fraternal, paternal, multiple, and none) and by mode of inheritance (two subgroups male to male, non-male to male). We compared clinicopathological characteristics between subgroups with Fisher's exact or Chi-square tests. Biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were analyzed using the method of Kaplan and Meier. Simple and multiple Cox regression with backward elimination were performed to select prognostic factors for BRFS and CSS. RESULTS Median age at surgery was 63.3 (range 35.9-79.4) years. The overall Kaplan-Meier estimated BRFS rate at 10 and 15 years was 65.6% and 57.0%, respectively. The overall Kaplan-Meier estimated CSS rate at 10 and 15 years was 98.1% and 95.7%, respectively. Neither FFH nor mode of inheritance were factors associated with worse BRFS. However, in multiple Cox regression, paternal FFH was an important prognostic factor for a better CSS (HR 0.19, CI 0.05-0.71, p = 0.014) compared to non-FFH. CONCLUSION FFH and mode of inheritance do not seem to be prognostic factors of worse long-term outcomes following RP. Rather, a paternal FFH was associated with a better CSS; however, the reasons remain unclear. Nevertheless, patients after RP and FFH could be reassured that their own PCa diagnosis is not associated with a worse long-term outcome.PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of T1-weighted and T2-weighted contrasts generated by the MR data postprocessing software SyMRI (Synthetic MR AB, Linköping, Sweden) for neonatal brain imaging. METHODS In this study 36 cases of neonatal MRI were retrospectively collected, which included T1-weighted and T2-weighted sequences as well as multi-dynamic multi-echo (MDME) sequences. Of the 36 neonates 32 were included in this study and 4 neuroradiologists independently assessed neonatal brain examinations on the basis of conventional and SyMRI-generated T1-weighted and T2-weighted contrasts, in order to determine the presence or absence of lesions. The sensitivity and specificity of both methods were calculated and compared. RESULTS Compared to conventionally acquired T1 and T2-weighted images, SyMRI-generated contrasts showed a lower sensitivity but a higher specificity (SyMRI sensitivity 0.88, confidence interval (CI) 0.72-0.95; specificity 1, CI 0.89-1/conventional MRI sensitivity 0.94, CI 0.80-0.98; specificity 0.94, CI 0.80-0.98). CONCLUSION The T1-weighted and T2-weighted images generated by SyMRI showed a diagnostic accuracy comparable to that of conventionally acquired contrasts. In addition to semiquantitative imaging data, SyMRI provides diagnostic images and leads to a more efficient use of available imaging time in neonatal brain MRI.

Obtaining a Driving License Online in Sweden: A Comprehensive Guide
In today's digital age, lots of procedures have been streamlined through innovation, making them more accessible and convenient for individuals worldwide. One such procedure is acquiring a driving license in Sweden. This article will assist you through the various actions associated with obtaining a driving license online in Sweden, highlighting the requirements, treatments, and benefits of the digital approach.

Comprehending the Swedish Driving License
A driving license in Sweden is not simply a document that permits people to run automobiles; it signifies a commitment to road safety and responsible driving. The Swedish Transport Agency (Transportstyrelsen) oversees the licensing process, guaranteeing that people fulfill the required requirements to drive on the nation's roadways.

Eligibility Requirements
Before starting the application procedure, it's important to verify your eligibility. In Sweden, the following requirements must be fulfilled:

Age: You must be at least 18 years old to request an automobile driving license (Class B). However, it is possible to begin the procedure at 17 years of ages by acquiring a learner's authorization.

Residency: You need to be an irreversible local of Sweden or hold a valid house permit.

Health Criteria: A health declaration or medical checkup may be required to guarantee that you do not have medical conditions that could hinder your ability to drive securely.

https://answerpail.com/index.php/user/cankarate15 of Traffic Rules: A basic understanding of Swedish traffic laws and policies is required.

The Online Application Process
Develop an Account: Begin by going to the official Swedish Transport Agency's website. You will need to create an online account utilizing a BankID, which acts as a secure kind of recognition in Sweden.

Use for a Learner's Permit (if appropriate): If you are under 18, you will first need to request a learner's authorization. This allows you to start practicing driving under the supervision of a licensed driver.

Complete the Theory Test: Before you can take the useful driving test, you must pass a theory test. This online test assesses your knowledge of Swedish traffic rules, road signs, and safe driving practices. Study materials are available on the Transport Agency's site and numerous other platforms.

Schedule a Driving Test: Once you have actually passed the theory test, you can schedule a practical driving test through the online website. This must be succeeded in advance, as slots frequently fill rapidly.

Take the Driving Test: On the day of your arranged driving test, get here on time with a lorry that meets the required requirements. An examiner will examine your driving skills, including your ability to carry out standard maneuvers, obey traffic laws, and make sure guest and roadway security.

Receive Your License: If you pass the driving test, you can get your driving license digitally. https://ucgp.jujuy.edu.ar/profile/ghanatile07/ will be sent by mail to you quickly after.

Advantages of the Online Process
The online application process for a driving license in Sweden uses numerous benefits:

Convenience: Applying online conserves time and permits you to complete necessary steps from the convenience of your home.

Availability: Individuals can access resources and research study materials online, making it much easier to prepare for tests.

Streamlined Communication: Online portals typically supply updates and alerts, so candidates can track their progress and get important info quickly.

Less Paperwork: Digital applications lower the need for physical files, aligning with Sweden's dedication to sustainability.



Last Thoughts
Acquiring a driving license in Sweden has actually ended up being increasingly accessible due to the online application procedure. This structured method not only saves effort and time but also deals with the varied requirements of Swedish citizens. Before embarking on your journey to obtain a driving license, ensure you meet all eligibility requirements and prepare sufficiently for both the theory and practical tests. By doing so, you will be one step better to taking pleasure in the flexibility and duty that comes with being a certified driver in Sweden.

Other factors relating to water quality that may play key roles in determining outbreak severity include dissolved oxygen concentration, nitrogenous compound concentration, partial pressure of carbon dioxide and pH, but data on their impacts on WSSV susceptibility in cultured shrimps is scarce. This illustrates a major research gap in our understanding of the influence of environmental conditions on disease. For example, it is not clear whether temperature manipulations can be used effectively to prevent or mitigate WSD in cultured shrimp. Therefore, developing our understanding of the impact of environmental conditions on shrimp susceptibility to WSSV may provide insight for WSD mitigation when, even after decades of research, there is no effective practical prophylaxis or treatment. Diseases in marine invertebrate corals have been reported worldwide and have been associated with infection by various microbial pathogens that cause massive mortality. Several bacterial species, especially Vibrio species but also members of the cyanobacteria, fungi, viruses, and protists, are described as important pathogens associated with coral disease and mortality. The present work provides an updated overview of main diseases and implicated microbial species affecting corals in Indian reefs. Further study on pathogen diversity, classification, spread and environmental factors on pathogen-host interactions may contribute a better understanding of the coral diseases. Ecosystems and food webs are structured into trophic levels of who eats whom. Species that occupy higher trophic levels have less available energy and higher energetic costs than species at lower trophic levels. So why do higher trophic levels exist? What processes generate new trophic levels? We consider a heuristic eco-evolutionary model based on simple Lotka-Volterra equations, where the evolution of traits is described by a generalisation of Lande's equation. The transition from competition to predation in this simplest of models is a successful, safe strategy for a population, and suggests a propensity to develop new trophic levels may be an inherent property of ecosystems. Numerical simulations with a more complex eco-evolutionary model of interacting plant and herbivore populations display the emergence of a new trophic level as an alternative to continued competition. These simulations reveal that new trophic levels may arise naturally from ecosystems because a robust strategy for a population in the presence of a strong competitor that could dominate or potentially extinguish them, is to predate upon the competitor. The same properties that make the competitor strong make it an ideal prey, suggesting the rubric that it is better to eat a strong competitor than to continue competing. Crown All rights reserved.Immunity following natural infection or immunization may wane, increasing susceptibility to infection with time since infection or vaccination. Symptoms, and concomitantly infectiousness, depend on residual immunity. We quantify these phenomena in a model population composed of individuals whose susceptibility, infectiousness, and symptoms all vary with immune status. We also model age, which affects contact, vaccination and possibly waning rates. The resurgences of pertussis that have been observed wherever effective vaccination programs have reduced typical disease among young children follow from these processes. As one example, we compare simulations with the experience of Sweden following resumption of pertussis vaccination after the hiatus from 1979 to 1996, reproducing the observations leading health authorities to introduce booster doses among school-aged children and adolescents in 2007 and 2014, respectively. Because pertussis comprises a spectrum of symptoms, only the most severe of which are medically attended, accurate models are needed to design optimal vaccination programs where surveillance is less effective. Combination products (CPs), designated by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), continue to be on the rise, from the innovation of novel medicines and greater demand for injectable home and self-administration. CP qualification, its constituent parts or intended use, will depend upon the regulatory jurisdiction with reference to the product's primary mode of action. In the case of a drug product combined with a device, a consult or collaborative review process involving different Centers within the FDA may be necessary. Policies and practices from different legislative branches of government will need to be merged for a single application. This presents a challenge for aligning information for the application dossier as it relates to a drug master file or drug-device CP design history file. A common objective for both pharmaceuticals and devices is to identify and evaluate patient risks to be mitigated, controlled, and managed across the drug product lifecycle. These concepts are reflected in the regulatory practices of pharmaceutical quality by design and device design controls. Early stakeholder engagement with this dynamic process between different regulatory paradigms becomes an advantage. This manuscript describes aspects for early planning for injectable drug-device development to facilitate time to market with patient centric solutions. As part of the study of their bioluminescence, the deep-sea lanternshark Etmopterus spinax and Etmopterus molleri (Chondrichthyes, Etmopteridae) received growing interest over the past ten years. These mesopelagic sharks produce light thanks to a finely tuned hormonal control involving melatonin, adrenocorticotropic hormone and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Receptors of these hormones, respectively the melatonin receptors and the melanocortin receptors, are all members of the G-protein coupled receptor family i.e. coupled with specific G proteins involved in the preliminary steps of their transduction pathways. The present study highlights the specific localization of the hormonal receptors, as well as of their associated G-proteins within the light organs, the so-called photophores, in E. spinax and E. molleri through immunohistofluorescence technic. https://www.selleckchem.com/CDK.html Our results allow gaining insight into the molecular actors and mechanisms involved in the control of the light emission in Etmopterid sharks.

AEPEA (1-10 mg/kg, s.c.) produced significant increases in BP but not HR or activity, whereas DEPEA and MEPEA (1-10 mg/kg, s.c.) increased BP, HR, and activity. In general, the phenethylamine analogs were approximately 10-fold less potent than amphetamine. Our results show that α-ethylphenethylamine analogs are biologically active. Although less potent than amphetamine, they produce cardiovascular effects that could pose risks to humans. Given that MEPEA and DEPEA increased locomotor activity, these substances may also have significant abuse potential. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The α-ethyl homologs of amphetamine have significant cardiovascular, behavioral, and neurochemical effects in rats. Given that these compounds are often not listed on the ingredient labels of dietary supplements, these compounds could pose a risk to humans using these products.
Statins and antihypertensive agents are recommended for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but they are not always prescribed to eligible patients.

A systematic review of qualitative studies.

To explore health professionals' and patients' attitudes towards cardiovascular preventive drugs.

MEDLINE, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL, ASSIA, HMIC, Conference Proceedings Citation Index, and Open Grey were searched for studies of qualitative design without restrictions on date or language. Two reviewers performed study selection, data extraction, quality assessment, and thematic synthesis.

In total, 2585 titles and abstracts were screened, yielding 27 studies, of which five met eligibility criteria on full text assessment. These included 62 patients and 47 health professionals. Five themes emerged about patient attitudes questioning preventive drugs; perceived benefit and risks, such as improving quality of life; patient preferences; trust in health professional judgement; and family, friends, ar investigate the patient-health professional relationship and the appropriate communication methods required when discussing drug initiation, specifically for primary prevention.
In the Swedish welfare system, the prescription and price of antibiotics is regulated. Even so, socioeconomic circumstances might affect the consumption of antibiotics for children.

This study aimed to investigate if socioeconomic differences in antibiotic prescriptions could be found for children aged 2-14 years, and to find predictors of antibiotic consumption in children, especially if morbidity or socioeconomic status in childhood may function as predictors.

Participants were from All Babies In Southeast Sweden (ABIS), a prospectively followed birth cohort (
= 17 055), born 1997-1999. Pharmaceutical data for a 10-year period, from 2005-2014 were used (the cohort were aged from 5-7, up to 14-16 years). Participation at the 5-year follow-up was 7443 children. All prescriptions from inpatient, outpatient, and primary care were included. National registries and parent reports were used to define socioeconomic data for all participants. Most children's infections were treated in primary healthcare centistance. As socioeconomic factors are found to play a role, awareness is important to get unbiased treatment of all children.
Parent-reported antibiotic-treated infection at age 2-5 years predicted antibiotic consumption in later childhood. Swedish doctors are supposed to treat all patients individually and to follow official guidelines regarding antibiotics, to avoid antibiotics resistance. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Tipifarnib(R115777).html As socioeconomic factors are found to play a role, awareness is important to get unbiased treatment of all children.
To derive and validate a risk prediction algorithm to estimate hospital admission and mortality outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) in adults.

Population based cohort study.

QResearch database, comprising 1205 general practices in England with linkage to covid-19 test results, Hospital Episode Statistics, and death registry data. 6.08 million adults aged 19-100 years were included in the derivation dataset and 2.17 million in the validation dataset. The derivation and first validation cohort period was 24 January 2020 to 30 April 2020. The second temporal validation cohort covered the period 1 May 2020 to 30 June 2020.

The primary outcome was time to death from covid-19, defined as death due to confirmed or suspected covid-19 as per the death certification or death occurring in a person with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the period 24 January to 30 April 2020. The secondary outcome was time to hospital admission with confirmed SARS-Corated for different time periods, however, and has the potential to be dynamically updated as the pandemic evolves.
To identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment (WWLST) for extremely low gestational age neonates.

Observational study of prospectively collected registry data from 19 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network centres on neonates born at 22-28 weeks gestation who died >12 hours through 120 days of age during 2011-2016. Sociodemographic and clinical factors were compared between infants who died following WWLST and without WWLST.

Of 1168 deaths, 67.1% occurred following WWLST. Withdrawal of assisted ventilation (97.4%) was the primary modality. WWLST rates were inversely proportional to gestational age. Life-sustaining treatment was withheld or withdrawn more often for non-Hispanic white infants than for non-Hispanic black infants (72.7% vs 60.4%; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.92) or Hispanic infants (72.7% vs 67.2%; 95% CI 1.32 to 3.72). WWLST rates varied across centres (38.6-92.6%; p<0.001). The centre with the highest rate had adjusted odds 4.89 times greater than the average (95% CI 1.18 to 20.18). The adjusted odds of WWLST were higher for infants with necrotiing enterocolitis (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.21 to 2.59) and severe brain injury (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.44 to 2.74).

Among infants who died, WWLST rates varied widely across centres and were associated with gestational age, race, ethnicity, necrotiing enterocolitis, and severe brain injury. Further exploration is needed into how race, centre, and approaches to care of infants with necrotiing enterocolitis and severe brain injury influence WWLST.
Among infants who died, WWLST rates varied widely across centres and were associated with gestational age, race, ethnicity, necrotiing enterocolitis, and severe brain injury. Further exploration is needed into how race, centre, and approaches to care of infants with necrotiing enterocolitis and severe brain injury influence WWLST.

ics and risks to spinal canal (3D maps and stress distributing graphs), therefore, they should be classified as different columns. We provide strong evidence that Su's three-column theory complies with the characteristics of vertebral physiological structure, vertebral fracture, and vertebral biomechanics.
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors all over the world. In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proven to participate in the development of different cancers, including NSCLC. PCGEM1 prostate-specific transcript (PCGEM1) is the lncRNA which is associated with the progression of several cancers. Nevertheless, in NSCLC, the specific functions of PCGEM1 are not yet clear.

The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was utilized to test the expression of PCGEM1 in NSCLC cells. Functional experiments, including cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, flow cytometry analysis and transwell assays were utilized to estimate cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. Meanwhile, RNA pull down assay and luciferase reporter assay were utilized to evaluate the correlation of miR-433-3p with PCGEM1 or WT1 associated protein (WTAP).

PCGEM1 was highly expressed in NSCLC cells, while miR-433-3p was lowly expressed in NSCLC cells. PCGEM1 silencing or miR-433-3p overexpression inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion but accelerated cell apoptosis. MiR-433-3p was proven be sponged by PCGEM1. Besides, WTAP was the target of miR-433-3p and it accelerated the progression of NSCLC. In the end, rescue experiments indicated that overexpression of WTAP or knockdown of miR-433-3p reversed the inhibited roles of silencing PCGEM1 on cell behavior.

PCGEM1 accelerates NSCLC progression via sponging miR-433-3p to upregulate WTAP.
PCGEM1 accelerates NSCLC progression via sponging miR-433-3p to upregulate WTAP.
Diabetes is a huge growing problem, and causes high and escalating costs to society. Self- care practice for adults with diabetes is not well addressed in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. To prevent serious morbidity and mortality, diabetes treatment requires a commitment to demanding self-care practice. This study aimed to assess self- care practices and its associated factors among adults with diabetes in Dire Dawa public hospitals of Eastern, Ethiopia.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 513 adults with diabetes. The study participants were selected through systematic random sampling. Data were collected from February 1st to March 1st, 2018. Patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-data version 3.3.1 and exported to SPSS version 22.0 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression with crude and adjusted odds ratios along with the 95% confidence interval was computed and interpreted accordingly. Good self-care was defined based ).

In this study, a large number of adults had poor self-care practices which are very significant in controlling diabetes. Providing diabetes education, about self-care practices to the respondents and their families should be considerable.
In this study, a large number of adults had poor self-care practices which are very significant in controlling diabetes. Providing diabetes education, about self-care practices to the respondents and their families should be considerable.
Impaired health due to stress is a common cause of long-term illness in women aged 45-55 years. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/tat-beclin-1-tat-becn1.html It is a common cause for visits to primary health care (PHC) and may influence work-ability. The aim of this study was to investigate prognostic factors for future mental, physical and urogenital health as well as work-ability in a population of average women aged 45-55 years.

This longitudinal cohort study initially assessed 142 women from PHC centers in southwestern Sweden. One houndred and ten accepted participation and were followed for 6years. They were assessed using the self-reported questionnaires the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S), the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Descriptive data are presented of health, education, relationships and if they are working. Multicollinearity testing and logistic regression were used to test the explanatory variables.

Severity of symptoms in the MRS somatic and urogenital domains decreased while they increased ience, we emphasize the importance of supporting women to gain increased awareness about a healthy life balance and to have realistic goals in work as well as in their social life.
To measure the severity of menopausal complaints and determine the pattern of menopausal symptoms, a valid and reliable instrument is needed in women's healthcare. The Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) is one of the best-known tools in response to the lack of standardized scales. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the MRS in an Iranian example.

Participants were randomly selected from women referred to healthcare centers in Miandoab, West Azerbaijan, Iran. A total of 330 questionnaires were completed (response rate of 96.9%). Two samples were considered for analysis in the validation process. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted on the first sample (n
 = 165), and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was done using a second study sample (n
 = 165). The psychometric properties process was concluded with assessment of internal consistency and test-retest reliability.

The EFA with Principal Component Analysis extracted three factors explaining 75.47% cumulatireliable scale. As a screening tool, the Persian MRS could be used to identify the pattern of symptoms among menopausal, premenopausal, and postmenopausal women to care for and educate them on how to identify and treat the symptoms.
From a developmental and pathogenic perspective, child maltreatment is strongly linked to later dissociative symptoms, as ultimate forms of human response to chronic stress. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) in the relationship between child maltreatment and dissociation among patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD).

In this cross-sectional study, a total of 152 BPD patients (men 52%; women 48%) with an average age of 29.64 years (standard deviation (SD) = 7.29, range = 18-47) were selected by systematic random sampling from the patients who referred to Baharan psychiatric hospital in Zahedan, Iran, with the sampling interval of 3. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, Dissociative Experiences Scale, and Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form 3 were used to assess the patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS v25 software, and the statistical significance level was set at p < 0.05.

four main findings were obtained from the present study (1) Heterogeneity of the levels of dissociation (LOD) in BPD patients; (2) The predicting roles of emotional neglect (EN), vulnerability to harm, and defectiveness/shame schemas in the total DES scores; (3) The vague role of childhood sexual abuse (SA) in developing dissociative symptoms; and (4) The mediating role of the core schemas of vulnerability to harm (β = 0.