or children and adolescents.
About 20-26% of children and youth with a mental health disorder (depending on age and respondent) report receiving services from a community-based Child and Youth Mental Health (CYMH) agency. However, because agencies have an upper age limit of 18-years old, youth requiring ongoing mental health services must "transition" to adult-oriented care. General healthcare providers (e.g., family physicians) likely provide this care. The objective of this study was to compare the likelihood of receiving physician-based mental health services after age 18 between youth who had received community-based mental health services and a matched population sample.
A longitudinal matched cohort study was conducted in Ontario, Canada. A CYMH cohort that received mental health care at one of five CYMH agencies, aged 7-14 years at their first visit (N=2,822), was compared to age, sex, region-matched controls (N=8,466).
CYMH youth were twice as likely as the comparison sample to have a physician-based mental health visit (i.y be important for youth who require ongoing care into adulthood.
Earlier studies have reported that smoking is associated with violent behaviour. This study investigated nicotine dependence (ND), defined as already present in adolescence, and its relation to subsequent violent criminal offending.
The baseline dataset is composed of 508 former adolescent inpatients, admitted to a psychiatric hospital between the ages of 13-17. Adolescent ND was assessed using the modified Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire. Follow-up data on crimes up to young adulthood was acquired from the Legal Register Centre of Finland. The study analyzes the participants with violent offences (n = 78) and those without any criminal history (n = 368).
Over 80% of the violent offenders had ND already in adolescences. https://www.selleckchem.com/ferroptosis.html One third (32.2%) of those with high ND had committed their first violent crime before 18 years of age, the proportions being 15.2% in moderate and 7.1% in no-ND groups. The likelihood for committing first violent crimes at a younger age was increased in the participants with high (adjusted Hazard Ratio (aHR) = 2.66, p = .008) or moderate ND (aHR = 2.40, p = .011).
Adolescent psychiatric patients, showing moderate to high levels of addiction to nicotine, should be a target population for adolescent focused smoking cessation interventions and programs. Adolescents addicted to nicotine may benefit from intensive clinical attention in order to avoid more adverse and unfavorable outcomes in life, beyond merely physical health related problems.
Adolescent psychiatric patients, showing moderate to high levels of addiction to nicotine, should be a target population for adolescent focused smoking cessation interventions and programs. Adolescents addicted to nicotine may benefit from intensive clinical attention in order to avoid more adverse and unfavorable outcomes in life, beyond merely physical health related problems."Vaping" refers to the inhalation of aerosols produced in devices that heat liquid solutions. The aerosols may contain various additives, flavours, nicotine and other drugs such as cannabis. Nicotine is the most common psychoactive substance in vaping devices (or e-cigarettes) in Canada. While vaping has been viewed primarily as a cessation method or harm reduction strategy for smokers of combustible tobacco cigarettes, a new pattern is becoming evident in adolescents and youth (age 15-24) in Canada. In this age group, vaping is reported in increasing frequencies among those who have never smoked. This suggests the possible emergence of a de novo pattern of substance use and suggests the emergence of an unmet treatment need, vaping cessation. The mental health implications of vaping are largely unknown but available data suggest that vaping is associated with mental health changes similar to those seen with combustible tobacco cigarettes. Understanding the mental health impact of "vaping" will be challenging and research is needed. An important message from the smoking literature is that data from randomized cessation trials may be especially valuable because of complex issues of temporality and confounding connected to observational data.Background/Objective Despite the great interest that bullying and cyberbullying have received during the last decades, the problem of defining these phenomena is still debated. Recently, this discussion has also been articulated in terms of how young people who are directly involved in bullying and cyberbullying understand these notions. This study aimed at investigating the operational definitions of both bullying and cyberbullying provided by adolescent victims and perpetrators, by inquiring the weight of traditional criteria (i.e., frequency, deliberateness, imbalance of power, and harm) as well as dominance in the perception of these phenomena. Method A total of 899 students aged between 11 and 16 years filled out the Student Aggression and Victimisation Questionnaire. Results Common traits and differences between the operational definition of bullying and cyberbullying and between the perspectives of victims and perpetrators of aggression were found. The most relevant criterion for the perception of both these phenomena was clearly the presence of dominance. By contrast, the imbalance of power showed no significant relationship with the perception of being bullied or bullying others both offline and online. Conclusions Findings emphasise that young people conceptualise bullying with a clear reference to relational and group processes, rather than to individual differences.Background/Objective The interest in recovery processes in psychotic disorders has boosted the necessity of knowledge about the factors that could influence in such recovery. Negative symptomatology and the stigma have been negatively linked to the recovery process in psychosis. The aim of this investigation is to improve the understanding of how the recovery process is affected by negative symptomatology based on the analysis of the mediating effects of the internalized stigma. Method The sample was composed of 114 people that had experienced, at some point in their life, at least one clinically relevant psychotic episode. CAPE-42, STORI and ISMI were used for the evaluation. The macro PROCESS for SPSS was used. The indirect effect was calculated using 10.000 samples of bootstrap for the bootstrap confidence intervals (IC) corrected for bias. Results The results show that the influence of negative symptomatology predicts the stigmatization of the person regarding his disorder. This predicts a negative influence in the recovery process of the psychosis.