The World Health Organisation (WHO) has set an ambitious target to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2030. Pakistan is one of the focused countries because of the high prevalence of HCV. The prices of direct-acting antiviral drugs(DAA)have significantly reduced to between 11-25 dollars for a month's treatment. To achieve the 2030 elimination target, Pakistan has to provide treatment to one million HCV-infected patients every year, beginning from 2018. This short report highlights a key barrier to achieve this target,i.e. the unsafe practices by regulated and unregulated healthcare delivery system comprising trained and untrained healthcare providers who can continue to churn out new patients with their unsafe healthcare practices and increase the possibility of reinfection in those who have been treated. Only the government has the power and authority to regulate and control the healthcare delivery system. Elimination of Hepatitis in Pakistan will remain a distant dream unless the healthcare delivery system is tamed.In order to identify the literature and research available on development and implementation of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programme (ASP) in Pakistan, a systematic search of various electronic databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL and PakMedinet from January 1, 2008 till November 2018 was conducted. Studies were included if they were focused around the development and implementation of the ASP within Pakistan. The search revealed that a significant knowledge gap exists regarding antimicrobial/antibiotic stewardship within Pakistan and not much is known about the current status of the development and implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programme. Only two research studies were found to be significant. Antimicrobial Stewardship Programme's development and implementation is highly essential and important. Currently, there exists a huge knowledge and systematic gap regarding ASP implementation at healthcare institutions.
To review evidence-based data on spontaneous retrogression of low-grade gliomas with respect to interval till regression, type of glioma and patient outcome.

The systematic review comprised medical literature in English language published from January 1997 to January 2017 on Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar databases to establish consensus about the possible mechanism of spontaneous regression, the role of therapeutic intervention and failure of management strategies in low-grade gliomas. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed during the review.

Of the 176 articles identified, 73(41.5%) were shortlisted for detailed assessment. Of them, 10(13.7%) were included; 5(50%) case reports and 5(50%) case series. There were 23 cases of spontaneous regression; 15(65.2%) males and 8(34.7%) females. The interval of regression varied from 3 months to 15.5 years, and the most commonly presenting low-grade glioma type was optic pathway glioma 11(47.4%).

The phenomenon of regression was most evident in optic pathway glioma. Literature suggested that low-grade gliomas should undergo serial imaging before implying any therapeutic intervention. However, the evidencebased proof, large-scale experimental studies and ethical considerations are still required to standardise this strategy.
The phenomenon of regression was most evident in optic pathway glioma. Literature suggested that low-grade gliomas should undergo serial imaging before implying any therapeutic intervention. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/acss2-inhibitor.html However, the evidencebased proof, large-scale experimental studies and ethical considerations are still required to standardise this strategy.The rise in obesity, along with its association with unhealthy lifestyles and poor health awareness, has lead to an increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Only a few studies have addressed the changing trends in obesity and have tried to estimate the frequency of NAFLD in Pakistan. Fatty liver is seen in about 15% of the general population. Insulin resistance, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, high body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, and increasing age are associated with NAFLD. In patients without insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia is usually present. Lean NAFLD is not common. In facilities where elastography in unavailable, NAFLD fibrosis score may be used to predict NAFLD in such patients. There is a need to conduct population-based studies to understand the risks and to design initiatives to increase public awareness regarding this disease. NAFLD screening is advisable in overweight individuals, diabetic patients, and persons at high cardiovascular disease risk.
To assess knowledge and perception about different aspects of Breast Cancer among health care professionals at Bolan Medical Complex Hospital Quetta, Pakistan.

This cross-sectional study was carried out at Bolan Medical Complex Hospital Quetta from October to December 2017. A total of 312 health care workers including consultants (42), residents (85), medical officers (52), interns (45), nurses (48) and final year medical students (40) took part in the study. The study tool was a self-designed questionnaire with separate sections to assess the knowledge about risk factors, signs and symptoms, screening tools, breast self-examination (BSE), treatment and barriers in seeking medical advice.

Participants had satisfactory knowledge about risk factors and signs of breast cancer but poor knowledge about association of breast cancer with menarche status, oral contraceptive pills and smoking. Majority was aware of mammography benefits and believed that breast cancer is curable with therapy. All perceived that cexpanded role in breast cancer care.
To detect Saudi women's complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) practice and attitudes in superficial injuries first aids.

A cross-sectional descriptive study included 500 women from Princess Nourah bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Pre-designed questionnaire was used to collect their socio-demographic characteristics, complementary and alternative medicine practice and attitude in superficial injuries first aids.

Most of the participants were young unmarried women coming from middle regions. Burn and superficial cuts represented the commonest superficial injuries. Honey and medical herbs; myrrh were the commonly used CAM. Most participants agreed that CAM is available. Half of participants believed that CAM is safe that could be used without medical consultation.

There is increased interest and positive attitudes toward CAM use among Saudi women, yet they are not aware about its interactions and side effects.
There is increased interest and positive attitudes toward CAM use among Saudi women, yet they are not aware about its interactions and side effects.

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Christmas is a holiday celebrated by countless people around the world, but just how much do we truly understand about its origins and traditions? Understanding the history and evolution of Christmas traditions is very important because it allows us to appreciate the abundant cultural heritage behind the vacation. From the pagan roots of Christmas to the modern-day adjustments made by Christianity, each tradition has a story to tell. In this short article, we will check out the origins of Christmas customs such as the Christmas tree, Santa Claus, Christmas carols, nativity scenes, Christmas cards, gift-giving, the Feast of the 7 Fishes, the Yule Log, and the legend of Krampus. By delving into the history of these traditions, we can acquire a much deeper understanding of their significance and ensure that they are maintained for future generations.



The Origins of Christmas: Pagan Roots and Christian Adaptations


The origins of Christmas can be traced back to ancient pagan events that took place throughout the winter solstice. In many cultures, this was a time to celebrate the return of light and warmth after the darkest days of winter. The Romans commemorated Saturnalia, a celebration dedicated to Saturn, the god of farming. Throughout this time, individuals would exchange presents, decorate their homes with plant, and feast together.

When Christianity started to spread out throughout Europe, it adjusted much of these pagan traditions in order to make the brand-new religion more appealing to converts. In the fourth century, Pope Julius I declared December 25th as the official date for commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ. This date accompanied existing pagan festivals such as Saturnalia and the birth of Mithras, a popular sun god. By incorporating these customs into Christmas celebrations, Christianity had the ability to produce a vacation that would resonate with both believers and non-believers alike.



The First Christmas Trees: From Germany to the World


The custom of decorating evergreen trees during the winter season can be traced back to ancient pagan cultures. The ancient Egyptians, for instance, would bring green palm branches into their homes throughout the winter solstice as a sign of life's accomplishment over death. In ancient Rome, people would embellish trees with little pieces of metal and light candle lights to celebrate Saturnalia.

The modern-day custom of the Christmas tree, however, can be traced back to Germany in the 16th century. According to legend, the Protestant reformer Martin Luther was strolling through a forest one winter evening when he was struck by the beauty of the stars shining through the branches of the trees. Motivated by this sight, he brought a little evergreen tree into his home and embellished it with candle lights to recreate the scene for his household.

The tradition of the Christmas tree spread throughout Germany and eventually made its way to other parts of Europe. In the 18th century, German immigrants brought the custom to America, where it quickly acquired appeal. Today, the Christmas tree is a main part of holiday celebrations in lots of nations around the globe.



The Development of Santa Claus: From Saint Nicholas to Jolly Old St. Nick


The legend of Santa Claus has its roots in the story of Saint Nicholas, a Christian bishop who lived in the fourth century in what is now modern-day Turkey. Saint Nicholas was understood for his generosity and kindness, especially towards kids and those in need. In time, stories and legends about his kindness spread out throughout Europe.

In the Middle Ages, Saint Nicholas became a popular figure in European folklore. He was frequently illustrated as a tall, thin man dressed in bishop's robes, carrying a staff and a bag of presents for children. In some countries, such as the Netherlands, Saint Nicholas was thought to check out kids on December 5th, leaving gifts in their shoes.



Throughout the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century, however, lots of countries started to reject the veneration of saints, consisting of Saint Nicholas. In England, for example, the figure of Father Christmas became a nonreligious alternative to Saint Nicholas. Dad Christmas was depicted as a jolly man dressed in green bathrobes, who would visit homes during the Christmas season to bring excellent cheer and gifts.

In the 19th century, the legend of Santa Claus as we know him today began to take shape. The poem "A Check out from St. Nicholas," likewise called "The Night Before Christmas," was published in 1823 and presented much of the familiar elements of the Santa Claus legend, such as his reindeer and his sleigh. The image of Santa Claus as a jolly old man with a white beard and a red match was promoted by the Coca-Cola Company in the 1930s.



The History of Christmas Carols: From Medieval Chants to Modern Classics


The tradition of singing songs throughout the Christmas season dates back to ancient times. In pagan cultures, singing and dancing were often utilized as part of winter solstice events to drive away fiends and bring all the best for the coming year.

In Christian tradition, singing hymns and carols became an important part of Christmas events. In the Middle Ages, monks would sing chants and hymns in Latin throughout Christmas Mass. These tunes were typically solemn and religious in nature, focusing on the story of Jesus' birth.

During the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century, nevertheless, lots of churches began to integrate more cheerful and festive songs into their worship services. These tunes were typically sung in the regional language rather than Latin, making them more accessible to regular people.

In the 19th century, Christmas carols ended up being a lot more popular thanks to the efforts of composers such as Felix Mendelssohn and John Francis Wade. Mendelssohn's "Hark! The Herald Angels Sing" and Wade's "O Come, All Ye Faithful" are still extensively sung today.



The Story of the Nativity Scene: A Classic Sign of Christmas


The tradition of creating nativity scenes, likewise known as crèches or manger scenes, can be traced back to the 13th century in Italy. According to legend, Saint Francis of Assisi was motivated to create the first nativity scene after checking out the Holy Land and seeing the cavern where Jesus was believed to have actually been born.

Saint Francis wanted to bring the story of Jesus' birth to life for the people of his home town, so he set up a manger with live animals and welcomed the townspeople to come and see. The nativity scene rapidly ended up being popular throughout Italy and spread to other parts of Europe.

Today, nativity scenes are a common sight in churches, homes, and public places throughout the Christmas season. They act as a tip of the real meaning of Christmas and the story of Jesus' birth.



https://humanlove.stream/wiki/Unwrapping_the_very_best_Christmas_Tales_Stories_to_Share_with_Your_Liked_Ones of Christmas Cards: How a Victorian Tradition Became a Global Phenomenon


The custom of sending Christmas cards dates back to the Victorian period in England. In the early 19th century, it ended up being fashionable for wealthy households to send handwritten Christmas greetings to their friends and loved ones.

The first industrial Christmas card was produced in 1843 by Sir Henry Cole, a British civil servant. The card included an illustration of a household collected around a table taking pleasure in a Christmas banquet, with the message "A Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year to You" printed within.

The idea quickly captured on, and by the late 19th century, Christmas cards were being produced in big quantities and cost affordable prices. Advances in printing technology made it possible to produce colorful and intricate cards with elaborate designs.

Today, sending Christmas cards is a popular tradition around the globe. It is a method for individuals to stay gotten in touch with liked ones during the holiday season and spread good cheer.



The Tradition of Christmas Presents: A History of Kindness and Exchange


The tradition of providing gifts throughout the Christmas season can be traced back to ancient times. In pagan cultures, the exchange of gifts was seen as a way to bring good luck and success for the coming year.

In Christian custom, the practice of giving presents throughout Christmas is typically related to the story of the 3 Wise Guys, who brought gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh to the baby Jesus. The act of providing presents is viewed as a method to honor the birth of Jesus and to share in his spirit of love and kindness.

Over time, the tradition of gift-giving throughout Christmas has actually progressed. In many countries, it has ended up being traditional to exchange gifts with family and friends on Christmas Eve or Christmas Day. The presents are typically put under a Christmas tree or in stockings hung by the fireplace.

Over the last few years, there has been a growing focus on giving significant and thoughtful presents instead of merely exchanging product ownerships. Many people now select to give experiences, such as concert tickets or spa treatments, or to contribute to charitable causes in lieu of traditional presents.



The Feast of the Seven Fishes: A Delicious Italian-American Christmas Tradition


The Banquet of the Seven Fishes is a standard Italian-American meal that is served on Christmas Eve. It is believed to have come from Southern Italy, where it was traditional to abstain from eating meat on Christmas Eve as a method to prepare for the delight in Christmas Day.

The number seven is substantial due to the fact that it represents the seven sacraments of the Catholic Church. The meal generally includes seven different types of fish or seafood dishes, such as baccalà (salted cod), shrimp, clams, and calamari.

The Feast of the 7 Fishes has actually ended up being a precious tradition amongst Italian-Americans and is typically celebrated with friends and family. It is a time to come together and enjoy a tasty meal while honoring their Italian heritage.



The Yule Log: A Nordic Winter Solstice Custom that Endured the Ages




The custom of the Yule Log can be traced back to ancient Nordic cultures, where it was believed to bring best of luck and security from evil spirits during the winter solstice. The Yule Log was usually a large, oak log that was burned in the hearth for twelve days and nights.

As Christianity spread throughout Europe, the Yule Log tradition was adjusted to fit the brand-new religion. In some nations, such as France and England, a big log would be brought into the house on Christmas Eve and burned throughout the Christmas season.

Today, the Yule Log has been changed into a tasty dessert that is frequently served during Christmas events. The Yule Log cake, also known as a Bûche de Noël, is made from sponge cake rolled with buttercream icing and decorated to resemble a log.



The Legend of Krampus: The Dark Side of Christmas in Central Europe


While numerous Christmas customs are joyful and festive, there is one tradition that has a darker side. In Central European countries such as Austria, Germany, and Hungary, there is a legend of an animal referred to as Krampus.

According to folklore, Krampus is a horned creature with cloven hooves who accompanies Saint Nicholas on his rounds on December 5th. While Saint Nicholas rewards great children with presents, Krampus punishes naughty children by knocking them with birch branches or bring them away in his sack.

The legend of Krampus has its roots in pagan mythology, where he was believed to be a buddy of the god Odin. In time, he became associated with Saint Nicholas and ended up being a popular figure in Christmas traditions.

Today, Krampus is often portrayed in parades and festivals in Main European countries. Individuals dress up as Krampus and wander the streets, scaring kids and adults alike. It is a method to remind individuals to be on their finest habits throughout the Christmas season.



The Future of Christmas Traditions: How Modern Society is Changing the Method We Celebrate


In today's fast-paced and increasingly nonreligious society, lots of Christmas traditions are facing challenges. The commercialization of Christmas has actually caused an emphasis on material ownerships instead of the real meaning of the holiday. Many individuals feel overwhelmed by the pressure to purchase gifts, embellish their homes, and go to numerous social events.

At the very same time, there is a growing motion towards streamlining and individualizing Christmas celebrations. Lots of people are choosing to focus on investing quality time with loved ones, offering significant presents, and participating in acts of compassion and charity.

It is very important to protect and commemorate our Christmas traditions while likewise adjusting them to fit modern-day times. By comprehending the history and significance of these customs, we can ensure that they continue to be given from generation to generation.


Christmas is a vacation filled with abundant customs and customs that have actually developed over centuries. By understanding the origins and history of these traditions, we can gain a deeper gratitude for their significance and ensure that they are protected for future generations.

From the pagan roots of Christmas to the Christian adaptations, each custom has a story to tell. The Christmas tree, Santa Claus, Christmas carols, nativity scenes, Christmas cards, gift-giving, the Feast of the 7 Fishes, the Yule Log, and the legend of Krampus all have deep cultural and historic roots that should have to be celebrated.

As we navigate the obstacles of contemporary society, it is very important to find a balance in between preserving our valued traditions and adjusting them to fit our altering world. By doing so, we can make sure that Christmas remains a time of pleasure, love, and event for generations to come.

Further, we conducted reduced 5-class and 3-class classification experiments, applied Multi-task learning, and a newly suggested sample weighting method. Experimental results show that the pain assessments of the human observers are significantly better than guessing and perform better than the automatic baseline approach (RFc-BL) by about 1%; however, the human performance is quite poor due to the challenge that pain that is ethically allowed to be induced in experimental studies often does not show up in facial reaction. We discovered that downweighting those samples during training improves the performance for all samples. The proposed RFc and two-CNNs models (using the proposed sample weighting) significantly outperformed the human observer by about 6% and 7%, respectively.In traditional oriental medicines, Commiphora myrrha and its resinous exudate (i.e., myrrh) are used as herbal remedies to treat various inflammatory and metabolic disorders. Until now, C. myrrha-derived herbal products are considered useful source for bioactive compounds to manage numerous human diseases. This study investigated the effects of water extract of C. myrrha resin (WCM) and its polysaccharide (WCM-PE) on modulatory effects of osteoclast differentiation and/or ovariectomized-induced bone loss. Oral administration of WCM (200 and 500 mg/kg/day for four weeks) notably decreased trabecular bone loss and lipid accumulation in the bone marrow cavity. WCM and WCM-PE dose-dependently inhibited receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and suppressed RANKL-mediated overexpression of c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1, thereby downregulating osteoclast-specific gene (Atp6v0d2, DC-STAMP and cathepsin K) expression. Thus, our results suggest that WCM and WCM-PE are promising nutraceutical candidates for the management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease, which progresses over time, causing pathological depigmentation of the substantia nigra (SN) in the midbrain due to loss of dopaminergic neurons. Emerging studies revealed the promising effects of some nutrient compounds in reducing the risk of PD. One such nutrient compound that possess neuroprotective effects and prevents neurodegeneration is tocotrienol (T3), a vitamin E family member. In the present study, a single dose intracisternal injection of 250 µg 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was used to induce parkinsonism in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Forty-eight hours post injection, the SD rats were orally supplemented with alpha (α)- and gamma (γ)-T3 for 28 days. The neuroprotective effects of α- and γ-T3 were evaluated using behavioural studies and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The findings from this study revealed that supplementation of α- and γ-T3 was able to ameliorate the motor deficits induced by 6-OHDA and improve the neuronal functions by reducing inflammation, reversing the neuronal degradation, and preventing further reduction of dopaminergic neurons in the SN and striatum (STR) fibre density.Polyphenols are naturally derived compounds that are increasingly being explored for their various health benefits. In fact, foods that are rich in polyphenols have become an attractive source of nutrition and a potential therapeutic strategy to alleviate the untoward effects of metabolic disorders. The last decade has seen a rapid increase in studies reporting on the bioactive properties of polyphenols against metabolic complications, especially in preclinical models. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ru58841.html Various experimental models involving cell cultures exposed to lipid overload and rodents on high fat diet have been used to investigate the ameliorative effects of various polyphenols against metabolic anomalies. Here, we systematically searched and included literature reporting on the impact of polyphenols against metabolic function, particularly through the modulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics within the skeletal muscle. This is of interest since the skeletal muscle is rich in mitochondria and remains one of the main sites of energy homeostasis. Notably, increased substrate availability is consistent with impaired mitochondrial function and enhanced oxidative stress in preclinical models of metabolic disease. This explains the general interest in exploring the antioxidant properties of polyphenols and their ability to improve mitochondrial function. The current review aimed at understanding how these compounds modulate mitochondrial bioenergetics to improve metabolic function in preclinical models on metabolic disease.We report a Japanese 5-year-old boy with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) which was diagnosed owing to Clostridium difficile (CD) infection caused by prolonged antibiotic exposure. He had intractable otitis media with effusion (OME) and had abdominal pain and diarrhea for 4 months after starting antibiotics administration. His stool contained CD toxin. After vancomycin treatment, his symptoms improved and his stools did not contain CD toxin. His past medical history included frequent pneumonia. We, therefore, performed electron microscopy of the biopsy specimen from his nasal mucosa and genetic testing, and he was diagnosed with PCD. PCD is a rare inherited genetic disease causing ciliary dysfunction, which is very difficult to diagnose because some children without PCD also develop the same symptoms. Therefore, children who have intractable OME, rhinosinusitis, frequent pneumonia, or bronchitis and are taking antibiotics for long periods of time should be checked for underlying diseases, such as PCD.The principal objective of this research is to conceive a mobile system based on electrical tomography for subsurface imaging and monitoring in order to enable simultaneous recording of electrical potentials of cardiac and pulmonary activity. For an exploration of excitation waveforms in electrical tomography, specialized hardware is required. As the main principle of tomography is the measurement of electrical perturbations on an unknown object, it is crucial to synchronize excitation and sensing processes in a very precise way for the purpose of acquiring meaningful data. To cope with this problem, an FPGA device is used, with an architecture that allows us to trigger excitation signals and to read sensed data simultaneously via independent processes that share the same clock. In this way, waveform reconfiguration on frequency and shape can be provided and studied. The system is connected to a standard microcontroller SoC with a simple API that allows for IoT capabilities for on-line operation and tracking, given that the design is targeted for in vivo medical monitoring.

The Health Ranger Mike Adams discusses the various uses and health benefits of myrrh in his sermon


https://www.naturalnews.com/2024-11-20-sermon-41-adams-discusses-benefits-uses-myrrh.html


#MikeAdams discusses #myrrh in his #sermon #NaturalMedicine