OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of Körner's septum (KS) on graft success and hearing in patients who were treated with type 1 tympanoplasty. STUDY DESIGN An observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Turkey, from July 2013 to July 2018. METHODOLOGY Patients undergoing type 1 tympanoplasty were divided into 2 groups as patients with KS and without KS (WKS), according to the findings of high-resolution computed tomography of the temporal bone. Two different grafts (fascia and cartilage) in two groups (KS and WKS) were compared for graft success rate of different graft materials and pre- and postoperative hearing levels. The effect of the presence of KS on hearing was examined. RESULTS The anatomical graft success rate of type 1 tympanoplasty was 75.9% in the KS group and 88.5% in the WKS group (p = 0.026). In the presence of KS, graft success rate decreased with the use of a fascia graft (p = 0.044). In the presence of KS, the use of cartilage graft did not affect functional hearing; whereas, poor functional outcomes were obtained in ears operated using a temporalis fascia graft in the KS group than in the WKS group (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION KS adversely affects graft success in type 1 tympanoplasty. Cartilage should be preferred as the graft material for patients with KS.OBJECTIVE To evaluate the outcomes of aflibercept based on different morphologic patterns on optical coherence tomography (OCT) for diabetic macular edema (DME). STUDY DESIGN Observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, Turkey from February 2016 to March 2018. METHODOLOGY Records of 115 eyes of 115 patients who were treated with aflibercept for DME were reviewed. Eyes were classified based on OCT features as diffuse retinal thickening (DRT, n=37), cystoid macular edema (CME, n=40), and serous retinal detachment (SRD, n=38). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield retinal thickness (CST) at baseline and after three doses of aflibercept at months 3, 6, 12 were recorded. Primary outcome measures were the changes in BCVA and CST at follow-up visits compared with baseline. RESULTS At month 3, mean BCVA was improved in all groups. Although the increase in BCVA at month 3 was significant in DRT and CME groups, it was not significant in SRD group (p=0.03, p less then 0.01, and p=0.22, respectively). At month 12, BCVA significantly improved compared to baseline values in DRT, CME, and SRD groups (p=0.01, p=0.01 and p less then 0.01, respectively). There was no significant difference between groups in terms of BCVA at baseline and months 3, 6, 12 (p=0.13, p=0.67, p=0.54, and p=0.28, respectively). Mean CST significantly decreased compared to baseline values at the end of month 12 (all p less then 0.01). CONCLUSION Aflibercept therapy provided an improvement in visual acuity and decreased CST in different morphological DME types for one year. The number of injections that could achieve this efficacy was least in DRT group, and more injections were required in SRD group.OBJECTIVE This study was carried out to determine the factors affecting pregnant women's anxiety levels during delivery and the postpartum period. STUDY DESIGN A descriptive and analytical study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Polyclinic; and Antenetal Education Class, Sakarya University Education and Research Hospital, Sakarya,Turkey, from October 2018 to January 2019. METHODOLOGY Five hundred pregnant women constituted the sample. The data were obtained by using the questionnaire form consisting 25 questions containing the introductory information of pregnant women, prepared by the researchers, and the fear of childbirth and postpartum period scale (FCPPS). Pregnant women's demographic and obstetrical factors and FCPS score were analysed. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was determined between pregnant women's employment status (p = 0.003), smoking status (p less then 0.001), trimester of pregnancy (p less then 0.001), number of living children (p = 0.015), chronic disease (p less then 0.001), status of receiving education during pregnancy (p less then 0.001), status of receiving support during/after delivery (p less then 0.001), and the FCPPS averages. CONCLUSION It was determined that pregnant women's anxieties about delivery and babycare increased, especially in the last trimester.OBJECTIVE To determine the feedback of supervisors regarding role of e-logbook in monitoring of training, strengthening supervisor-supervisee relationship and improving overall environment of postgraduate training at College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (CPSP). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (CPSP) from July to December, 2017. METHODOLOGY All registered supervisors of CPSP who were monitoring training and had minimum three years postfellowship experience were included. Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was employed. HTML-based questionnaires were sent through e-log. Likert scale was used to rate statements about e-logbook, where "1" was "strongly disagree" and "5" denoted "strongly agree". The data were entered in SPSS version 21 and analysed through its statistical package. RESULTS A total of 816 supervisors responded to the questionnaires (response rate of 65%). Out of these, 74.3% were males and 25.7% were females with mean age of 52.8 +6.9 years. Majority of the supervisors agreed (62%) or strongly agreed (10%) that e-logbook has helped to improve the supervisor-supervisee relationship. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Bosutinib.html More than half (60%) of the supervisors agreed, whereas some (19.3%) strongly agreed that e-logbook is a better monitoring tool than conventional logbook. The supervisors believed that overall training environment has improved with the introduction of e-log system (51% agreed and 9% strongly agreed). The age of supervisors and duration of supervisorship had no statistically significant effect on the responses of supervisors to various statements about e-logbook. CONCLUSION Supervisors perceive electronic logbooks as a useful medium for training monitoring and improvement of the relationship between supervisors and their residents. They have shown wide acceptability to the e-log system. E-log should continue as the primary monitoring system of the training programmes of CPSP.

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of Körner's septum (KS) on graft success and hearing in patients who were treated with type 1 tympanoplasty. STUDY DESIGN An observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Turkey, from July 2013 to July 2018. METHODOLOGY Patients undergoing type 1 tympanoplasty were divided into 2 groups as patients with KS and without KS (WKS), according to the findings of high-resolution computed tomography of the temporal bone. Two different grafts (fascia and cartilage) in two groups (KS and WKS) were compared for graft success rate of different graft materials and pre- and postoperative hearing levels. The effect of the presence of KS on hearing was examined. RESULTS The anatomical graft success rate of type 1 tympanoplasty was 75.9% in the KS group and 88.5% in the WKS group (p = 0.026). In the presence of KS, graft success rate decreased with the use of a fascia graft (p = 0.044). In the presence of KS, the use of cartilage graft did not affect functional hearing; whereas, poor functional outcomes were obtained in ears operated using a temporalis fascia graft in the KS group than in the WKS group (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION KS adversely affects graft success in type 1 tympanoplasty. Cartilage should be preferred as the graft material for patients with KS.OBJECTIVE To evaluate the outcomes of aflibercept based on different morphologic patterns on optical coherence tomography (OCT) for diabetic macular edema (DME). STUDY DESIGN Observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, Turkey from February 2016 to March 2018. METHODOLOGY Records of 115 eyes of 115 patients who were treated with aflibercept for DME were reviewed. Eyes were classified based on OCT features as diffuse retinal thickening (DRT, n=37), cystoid macular edema (CME, n=40), and serous retinal detachment (SRD, n=38). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield retinal thickness (CST) at baseline and after three doses of aflibercept at months 3, 6, 12 were recorded. Primary outcome measures were the changes in BCVA and CST at follow-up visits compared with baseline. RESULTS At month 3, mean BCVA was improved in all groups. Although the increase in BCVA at month 3 was significant in DRT and CME groups, it was not significant in SRD group (p=0.03, p less then 0.01, and p=0.22, respectively). At month 12, BCVA significantly improved compared to baseline values in DRT, CME, and SRD groups (p=0.01, p=0.01 and p less then 0.01, respectively). There was no significant difference between groups in terms of BCVA at baseline and months 3, 6, 12 (p=0.13, p=0.67, p=0.54, and p=0.28, respectively). Mean CST significantly decreased compared to baseline values at the end of month 12 (all p less then 0.01). CONCLUSION Aflibercept therapy provided an improvement in visual acuity and decreased CST in different morphological DME types for one year. The number of injections that could achieve this efficacy was least in DRT group, and more injections were required in SRD group.OBJECTIVE This study was carried out to determine the factors affecting pregnant women's anxiety levels during delivery and the postpartum period. STUDY DESIGN A descriptive and analytical study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Polyclinic; and Antenetal Education Class, Sakarya University Education and Research Hospital, Sakarya,Turkey, from October 2018 to January 2019. METHODOLOGY Five hundred pregnant women constituted the sample. The data were obtained by using the questionnaire form consisting 25 questions containing the introductory information of pregnant women, prepared by the researchers, and the fear of childbirth and postpartum period scale (FCPPS). Pregnant women's demographic and obstetrical factors and FCPS score were analysed. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was determined between pregnant women's employment status (p = 0.003), smoking status (p less then 0.001), trimester of pregnancy (p less then 0.001), number of living children (p = 0.015), chronic disease (p less then 0.001), status of receiving education during pregnancy (p less then 0.001), status of receiving support during/after delivery (p less then 0.001), and the FCPPS averages. CONCLUSION It was determined that pregnant women's anxieties about delivery and babycare increased, especially in the last trimester.OBJECTIVE To determine the feedback of supervisors regarding role of e-logbook in monitoring of training, strengthening supervisor-supervisee relationship and improving overall environment of postgraduate training at College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (CPSP). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (CPSP) from July to December, 2017. METHODOLOGY All registered supervisors of CPSP who were monitoring training and had minimum three years postfellowship experience were included. Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was employed. HTML-based questionnaires were sent through e-log. Likert scale was used to rate statements about e-logbook, where "1" was "strongly disagree" and "5" denoted "strongly agree". The data were entered in SPSS version 21 and analysed through its statistical package. RESULTS A total of 816 supervisors responded to the questionnaires (response rate of 65%). Out of these, 74.3% were males and 25.7% were females with mean age of 52.8 +6.9 years. Majority of the supervisors agreed (62%) or strongly agreed (10%) that e-logbook has helped to improve the supervisor-supervisee relationship. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Pomalidomide(CC-4047).html More than half (60%) of the supervisors agreed, whereas some (19.3%) strongly agreed that e-logbook is a better monitoring tool than conventional logbook. The supervisors believed that overall training environment has improved with the introduction of e-log system (51% agreed and 9% strongly agreed). The age of supervisors and duration of supervisorship had no statistically significant effect on the responses of supervisors to various statements about e-logbook. CONCLUSION Supervisors perceive electronic logbooks as a useful medium for training monitoring and improvement of the relationship between supervisors and their residents. They have shown wide acceptability to the e-log system. E-log should continue as the primary monitoring system of the training programmes of CPSP.

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of Körner's septum (KS) on graft success and hearing in patients who were treated with type 1 tympanoplasty. STUDY DESIGN An observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Turkey, from July 2013 to July 2018. METHODOLOGY Patients undergoing type 1 tympanoplasty were divided into 2 groups as patients with KS and without KS (WKS), according to the findings of high-resolution computed tomography of the temporal bone. Two different grafts (fascia and cartilage) in two groups (KS and WKS) were compared for graft success rate of different graft materials and pre- and postoperative hearing levels. The effect of the presence of KS on hearing was examined. RESULTS The anatomical graft success rate of type 1 tympanoplasty was 75.9% in the KS group and 88.5% in the WKS group (p = 0.026). In the presence of KS, graft success rate decreased with the use of a fascia graft (p = 0.044). In the presence of KS, the use of cartilage graft did not affect functional hearing; whereas, poor functional outcomes were obtained in ears operated using a temporalis fascia graft in the KS group than in the WKS group (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION KS adversely affects graft success in type 1 tympanoplasty. Cartilage should be preferred as the graft material for patients with KS.OBJECTIVE To evaluate the outcomes of aflibercept based on different morphologic patterns on optical coherence tomography (OCT) for diabetic macular edema (DME). STUDY DESIGN Observational study. https://www.selleckchem.com/EGFR(HER).html PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, Turkey from February 2016 to March 2018. METHODOLOGY Records of 115 eyes of 115 patients who were treated with aflibercept for DME were reviewed. Eyes were classified based on OCT features as diffuse retinal thickening (DRT, n=37), cystoid macular edema (CME, n=40), and serous retinal detachment (SRD, n=38). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield retinal thickness (CST) at baseline and after three doses of aflibercept at months 3, 6, 12 were recorded. Primary outcome measures were the changes in BCVA and CST at follow-up visits compared with baseline. RESULTS At month 3, mean BCVA was improved in all groups. Although the increase in BCVA at month 3 was significant in DRT and CME groups, it was not significant in SRD group (p=0.03, p less then 0.01, and p=0.22, respectively). At month 12, BCVA significantly improved compared to baseline values in DRT, CME, and SRD groups (p=0.01, p=0.01 and p less then 0.01, respectively). There was no significant difference between groups in terms of BCVA at baseline and months 3, 6, 12 (p=0.13, p=0.67, p=0.54, and p=0.28, respectively). Mean CST significantly decreased compared to baseline values at the end of month 12 (all p less then 0.01). CONCLUSION Aflibercept therapy provided an improvement in visual acuity and decreased CST in different morphological DME types for one year. The number of injections that could achieve this efficacy was least in DRT group, and more injections were required in SRD group.OBJECTIVE This study was carried out to determine the factors affecting pregnant women's anxiety levels during delivery and the postpartum period. STUDY DESIGN A descriptive and analytical study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Polyclinic; and Antenetal Education Class, Sakarya University Education and Research Hospital, Sakarya,Turkey, from October 2018 to January 2019. METHODOLOGY Five hundred pregnant women constituted the sample. The data were obtained by using the questionnaire form consisting 25 questions containing the introductory information of pregnant women, prepared by the researchers, and the fear of childbirth and postpartum period scale (FCPPS). Pregnant women's demographic and obstetrical factors and FCPS score were analysed. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was determined between pregnant women's employment status (p = 0.003), smoking status (p less then 0.001), trimester of pregnancy (p less then 0.001), number of living children (p = 0.015), chronic disease (p less then 0.001), status of receiving education during pregnancy (p less then 0.001), status of receiving support during/after delivery (p less then 0.001), and the FCPPS averages. CONCLUSION It was determined that pregnant women's anxieties about delivery and babycare increased, especially in the last trimester.OBJECTIVE To determine the feedback of supervisors regarding role of e-logbook in monitoring of training, strengthening supervisor-supervisee relationship and improving overall environment of postgraduate training at College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (CPSP). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (CPSP) from July to December, 2017. METHODOLOGY All registered supervisors of CPSP who were monitoring training and had minimum three years postfellowship experience were included. Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was employed. HTML-based questionnaires were sent through e-log. Likert scale was used to rate statements about e-logbook, where "1" was "strongly disagree" and "5" denoted "strongly agree". The data were entered in SPSS version 21 and analysed through its statistical package. RESULTS A total of 816 supervisors responded to the questionnaires (response rate of 65%). Out of these, 74.3% were males and 25.7% were females with mean age of 52.8 +6.9 years. Majority of the supervisors agreed (62%) or strongly agreed (10%) that e-logbook has helped to improve the supervisor-supervisee relationship. More than half (60%) of the supervisors agreed, whereas some (19.3%) strongly agreed that e-logbook is a better monitoring tool than conventional logbook. The supervisors believed that overall training environment has improved with the introduction of e-log system (51% agreed and 9% strongly agreed). The age of supervisors and duration of supervisorship had no statistically significant effect on the responses of supervisors to various statements about e-logbook. CONCLUSION Supervisors perceive electronic logbooks as a useful medium for training monitoring and improvement of the relationship between supervisors and their residents. They have shown wide acceptability to the e-log system. E-log should continue as the primary monitoring system of the training programmes of CPSP.

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One patient underwent videothoraco-scopic bulla excision and partial parietal pleurectomy because of the nonexpandable lung. The average length of hospital stay was 3.55 ±1.41 days. CONCLUSION Conservative treatment and treatment with small catheters are effective approaches in spontaneous pneumothorax patients. Patients with PSP should be managed first with minimally invasive approaches.OBJECTIVE To compare outcome of split thickness graft with and without vacuum-assisted closure over the scalp soft tissue defects in terms of graft take and complications. STUDY DESIGN Randomised controlled trial. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Plastic Surgery, Jinnah Burns and Reconstructive Surgery Centre, Lahore, from June 2017 to June 2018. METHODOLOGY Patients with scalp soft tissue defects were recruited for the study. Patients with history of poly trauma, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were excluded. Patients were randomly divided into two groups by balloting lottery method. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cm272-cm-272.html In group A, simple dressing were done after split thickness skin graft; and into group B, VAC dressing was applied after split thickness skin graft. Outcome variables (graft take and complications rate at recipient site) were assessed clinically at 2 weeks and analysed by Chi-square test with p-value less then 0.05 was taken as significant. RESULTS Mean age of 120 patients was 33.44 ±14.65 years. Graft take was seen in 24 (40.0%) patients in group A and in 56 (93.3%) patients in group B (p = 0.0001). Seroma was recorded in eight (13.3%) in group A (simple dressing) patients and one patient (1.67%) in group B (VAC dressing, p = 0.015), hematoma was seen in 04 (6.67%) versus 0 (0.0%), respectively (p = 0.042) and graft edge dehiscence in 03 (5.0%) versus 0 (0.0%), respectively (p = 0.079). CONCLUSION Outcome of split skin graft over scalp soft tissue defects with VAC dressing is better than simple dressing in terms of graft take and complications rate.OBJECTIVE To evaluate, compare and correlate the mRNA expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in preeclampsia and normotensive group. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional comparative study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY The study was done in the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, from November 2016 to November 2018. METHODOLOGY Blood samples were collected and mRNA expression of NF-kB and TNF-α was measured quantitatively by real-time polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 27 preeclamptic and 27 normal pregnancies. The preeclamptic group was further divided into early and late onset preeclampsia. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS (version 22). RESULTS The peripheral blood mononuclear cells mRNA expression of NF-kB and TNF-α differed within the two groups with an increase in expression in the diseased group (p less then 0.001). There was an increase of 2.79 fold in mRNA expression of TNF-α while the result for NF-αB was 2.28 fold. The difference in the expression of both NF-kB and TNF-α was significant within the two subgroups of preeclampsia (p less then 0.001). TNF-α was found to be strongly correlated with NF-kB (p less then 0.01).OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of Körner's septum (KS) on graft success and hearing in patients who were treated with type 1 tympanoplasty. STUDY DESIGN An observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Turkey, from July 2013 to July 2018. METHODOLOGY Patients undergoing type 1 tympanoplasty were divided into 2 groups as patients with KS and without KS (WKS), according to the findings of high-resolution computed tomography of the temporal bone. Two different grafts (fascia and cartilage) in two groups (KS and WKS) were compared for graft success rate of different graft materials and pre- and postoperative hearing levels. The effect of the presence of KS on hearing was examined. RESULTS The anatomical graft success rate of type 1 tympanoplasty was 75.9% in the KS group and 88.5% in the WKS group (p = 0.026). In the presence of KS, graft success rate decreased with the use of a fascia graft (p = 0.044). In the presence of KS, the use of cartilage graft did not affect functional hearing; whereas, poor functional outcomes were obtained in ears operated using a temporalis fascia graft in the KS group than in the WKS group (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION KS adversely affects graft success in type 1 tympanoplasty. Cartilage should be preferred as the graft material for patients with KS.OBJECTIVE To evaluate the outcomes of aflibercept based on different morphologic patterns on optical coherence tomography (OCT) for diabetic macular edema (DME). STUDY DESIGN Observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, Turkey from February 2016 to March 2018. METHODOLOGY Records of 115 eyes of 115 patients who were treated with aflibercept for DME were reviewed. Eyes were classified based on OCT features as diffuse retinal thickening (DRT, n=37), cystoid macular edema (CME, n=40), and serous retinal detachment (SRD, n=38). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield retinal thickness (CST) at baseline and after three doses of aflibercept at months 3, 6, 12 were recorded. Primary outcome measures were the changes in BCVA and CST at follow-up visits compared with baseline. RESULTS At month 3, mean BCVA was improved in all groups. Although the increase in BCVA at month 3 was significant in DRT and CME groups, it was not significant in SRD group (p=0.03, p less then 0.01, and p=0.22, respectively). At month 12, BCVA significantly improved compared to baseline values in DRT, CME, and SRD groups (p=0.01, p=0.01 and p less then 0.01, respectively). There was no significant difference between groups in terms of BCVA at baseline and months 3, 6, 12 (p=0.13, p=0.67, p=0.54, and p=0.28, respectively). Mean CST significantly decreased compared to baseline values at the end of month 12 (all p less then 0.01). CONCLUSION Aflibercept therapy provided an improvement in visual acuity and decreased CST in different morphological DME types for one year. The number of injections that could achieve this efficacy was least in DRT group, and more injections were required in SRD group.OBJECTIVE This study was carried out to determine the factors affecting pregnant women's anxiety levels during delivery and the postpartum period. STUDY DESIGN A descriptive and analytical study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Polyclinic; and Antenetal Education Class, Sakarya University Education and Research Hospital, Sakarya,Turkey, from October 2018 to January 2019. METHODOLOGY Five hundred pregnant women constituted the sample. The data were obtained by using the questionnaire form consisting 25 questions containing the introductory information of pregnant women, prepared by the researchers, and the fear of childbirth and postpartum period scale (FCPPS). Pregnant women's demographic and obstetrical factors and FCPS score were analysed. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was determined between pregnant women's employment status (p = 0.003), smoking status (p less then 0.001), trimester of pregnancy (p less then 0.001), number of living children (p = 0.015), chronic disease (p less then 0.001), status of receiving education during pregnancy (p less then 0.001), status of receiving support during/after delivery (p less then 0.001), and the FCPPS averages. CONCLUSION It was determined that pregnant women's anxieties about delivery and babycare increased, especially in the last trimester.OBJECTIVE To determine the feedback of supervisors regarding role of e-logbook in monitoring of training, strengthening supervisor-supervisee relationship and improving overall environment of postgraduate training at College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (CPSP). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (CPSP) from July to December, 2017. METHODOLOGY All registered supervisors of CPSP who were monitoring training and had minimum three years postfellowship experience were included. Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was employed. HTML-based questionnaires were sent through e-log. Likert scale was used to rate statements about e-logbook, where "1" was "strongly disagree" and "5" denoted "strongly agree". The data were entered in SPSS version 21 and analysed through its statistical package. RESULTS A total of 816 supervisors responded to the questionnaires (response rate of 65%). Out of these, 74.3% were males and 25.7% were females with mean age of 52.8 +6.9 years. Majority of the supervisors agreed (62%) or strongly agreed (10%) that e-logbook has helped to improve the supervisor-supervisee relationship. More than half (60%) of the supervisors agreed, whereas some (19.3%) strongly agreed that e-logbook is a better monitoring tool than conventional logbook. The supervisors believed that overall training environment has improved with the introduction of e-log system (51% agreed and 9% strongly agreed). The age of supervisors and duration of supervisorship had no statistically significant effect on the responses of supervisors to various statements about e-logbook. CONCLUSION Supervisors perceive electronic logbooks as a useful medium for training monitoring and improvement of the relationship between supervisors and their residents. They have shown wide acceptability to the e-log system. E-log should continue as the primary monitoring system of the training programmes of CPSP.OBJECTIVE To determine the diagnostic value of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) for patients with non-B, non-C hepatocellular carcinoma (NBNC HCC). STUDY DESIGN Observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, from June 2016 to June 2019. METHODOLOGY Patients with NBNC HCC diagnosed by histology were inducted after curative resection. Serum levels of AFP and DCP were determined. Their receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) calculated. In subgroup analyses involving patients with hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) testing, the AUC of AFP and DCP were also calculated and compared. RESULTS Serum levels of AFP and DCP were clearly increased in the NBNC HCC group relative to controls (p = 0.000 for both). The AUC for AFP, DCP and their combination (AFP+DCP) were 0.763 (95%CI 0.712-0.814), 0.853 (95%CI 0.811-0.894), and 0.867 (95%CI 0.829-0.906), respectively. For HBcAb-positivity, the AUC of AFP and DCP were 0.7517 (95%CI 0.6917-0.8116) and 0.8469 (95% CI 0.7985-0.8963), respectively. For HBcAb-negativity, the AUC of AFP and DCP were 0.8083 (95%CI 0.6993-0.9174) and 0.8740 (95%CI 0.7901-0.9580), respectively. CONCLUSION A combination of AFP and DCP is useful for assisting the diagnosis of NBNC HCC before surgery. AFP and DCP showed better diagnostic accuracy for HBcAb-negativity compared with HBcAb-positivity in NBNC HCC patients.