e., Huntington's disease in 1 of the cases). A detailed neurological examination, including eye movement assessment, in patients with psychiatric symptoms provides not only important clues to delineate the underlying anatomical substrate involved, but also helps clinicians to make an accurate diagnosis and to select appropriate therapeutic options.Intimal sarcoma arising from the tunica intima of both systemic and pulmonary circulations is a rare disorder, whereas intimal sarcoma with chondroblastic osteosarcomatous differentiation (ISCOS) is even rarer. We present the case of a 25-year-old woman with ISCOS of the pulmonary artery (PA) where the patient went through surgical treatment after careful imaging assessment under a rather emergent situation. A 25-year-old Japanese female presented to our hospital with the chief complaints of dyspnea and palpitations on exertion. Upon arrival, she had systolic murmur, moderate tricuspid regurgitation, and possible pulmonary hypertension. A contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) showed dilatation of the main PA, filled with a hypodense area with calcification adjacent to the right and left PA. The calcified lesions within the tumor were the key findings suggesting osteoid-forming sarcoma, differentiating it from pulmonary embolism. Due to presence of critical symptomatic obliteration of the pulmonary circulation, an emergency surgery was performed. A whitish shiny mass filled the lumens from the main PA to the bilateral main PAs. The tumor was not attached to the surrounding intima, except for a slight attachment to the left interlobar PA, and could be completely removed from the vessel lumen. Based on the pathological findings, it was diagnosed as a primary ISCOS of the PA, which correlated with the findings of the CT, namely intratumoral calcification. Although the diagnosis-making is quite challenging, multidisciplinary collaboration between clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists is crucial for reaching the correct diagnosis.Epithelioid hemangioma (EH) and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) are both rare vascular tumors. EH tumors are often benign while EHE tumors have moderate malignant potential. Here, we present three unique cases at Soroka Medical Center, two featuring EH of the bone and one presenting EHE of the mediastinum. Each case demonstrates distinct treatment challenges due to the rarity of both diseases and lack of established guidelines. We propose three treatment approaches including pazopanib for salvage therapy of EH of the bone and minimally invasive surgical resection which in these cases lead to complete symptom relief and tumor stabilization upheld over time with close follow-up.Granular cell tumor (GCT) is a benign tumor arising from Schwann cells. GCT of the breast is rare and while predominantly benign, it can be difficult to differentiate from breast cancer by imaging. While it is not generally associated with breast cancer, we here report a rare case of GCT coexisting with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). A 38-year-old Japanese woman had microcalcification suggestive of malignancy in the right upper breast and a 6-cm well-defined mass in the right lower breast. Ultrasonography showed that the lower mass was circular in shape with a clear border, and internal echo level was slightly uneven. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging found that the inside was unevenly contrast-enhanced and showed fast/washout enhanced pattern. Hence, imaging could not exclude malignancy. Pathological diagnosis from biopsies taken from the upper calcification and lower mass was DCIS and GCT, respectively. Imaging showed no evidence of continuity between the two, but the patient elected for mastectomy. Final pathological diagnosis confirmed an S-100-positive and keratin-negative GCT for the lower lesion and no histological evidence of continuity. Although GCT is a rare disease, greater awareness of the disease and its imaging findings is needed to avoid overdiagnosis, particularly when it coexists with breast cancer.We present the case of a 15-year-old girl. Two months after becoming aware of pain, she was diagnosed with a sacral tumor and referred to our department. She was diagnosed with a sacral Ewing's sarcoma; after chemotherapy, it was determined that the tumor could be resected, so surgical treatment was performed. The sacrum and ilium were partially resected at the lower end of S1, and the lumbar vertebrae and pelvis were fixed with a pedicle screw and two iliac screws on each side of L3, and the sacral resection was reconstructed with a tibial strut allograft. No tumor recurrence or metastasis has been observed 1 year postoperatively. She developed bladder and rectal dysfunction, but she remained independent in activities of daily living and her daily life was not limited. The bone fusion in the reconstructed area confirmed the lack of instrumentation looseness. Surgical treatment for sacral Ewing's sarcoma was performed to cure the patient. We believe that the tibial allograft contributed to the patient's ability to walk on her own due to its high mechanical stability. Postoperative bone healing was observed with the same material, suggesting that the tibial allograft is useful for similar procedures.A 57-year-old woman underwent salvage nipple-preserving mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction using extended latissimus dorsi muscle flap for her in-breast recurrence. The patient had been well with a presumed encapsulated seroma in her back for 8 years and 3 months but suddenly developed a protrusion of the persistent seroma. The patient requested us to improve the cosmetic deterioration of the visible large protrusion. In the operation, the operative target was converted from the newly protruded portion to the whole persistent seroma due to the leakage of presumed contaminated fluid. The posterior wall of the long-lasting seroma sticked rigidly to the ribs, forcing us not to resect the whole capsule but to resect the anterior and lateral walls with scraping the posterior wall with a curet. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ad-5584.html Pathological study showed a dense fibrous capsule, amorphous eosinophilic material, cholesterin crystals, and massive histiocyte infiltration. Postoperative course was uneventful, but wound healing was not observed over 3 weeks after operation.