Parents rated their overall satisfaction as 9.3/10. The parents commented that during the simulations, they felt "in the thick of it" and that they "experienced stress while viewing the scenes", thus attesting to the realism and relevance of the simulated scenarios. DISCUSSION This session met the parents' expectations in terms of being able to cope and having adequate know-how, based on both the simulations and the level of knowledge acquired. The main limitation lay in the parents' difficulty in confronting certain situations reminiscent of traumatic past experiences. TTS shares many common features with SH for the parents of sick children. The place of the latter in TTS must be evaluated. INTRODUCTION Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic fungal infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by dematiaceous fungi. CBM lesions are recalcitrant and extremely difficult to eradicate. We report three cases of CBM with difficulties in therapeutic management. OBSERVATION Three men aged 36, 50 and 67 years, all farmers, presented for between three and ten years with hyperkeratotic, scaly plaques with black dots on the right thigh and left leg, respectively. For all patients, mycological examination showed fumagoid cells, all of which were pathognomonic for CBM. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/jnj-64619178.html PCR identified Fonsecaeanubica in one patient and Cladophialophoracarrionii in two patients. All patients received itraconazole 200mg/day for over 18 months. Two patients required combined therapy with terbinafine for seven months, which improved lesions; however, relapse occurred in one patient during the 5th month of this combined therapy and five months after the end of this treatment in the other. The patient on monotherapy (itraconazole) also presented recurrence of lesions five months after the end of treatment. DISCUSSION Itraconazole is the standard therapy for CBM, with cure rates ranging from 15 to 80%. Success with itraconazole after eight to twelve months was reported by several authors. Fonsecaea and Cladophialophora are the most common species found in Madagascar, and while these organisms are susceptible to triazoles in vitro, clinical response is not so clear-cut. CONCLUSION Although unavailable in Madagascar, posaconazole and isavoconazole appear to be effective in treating chromoblastomycosis. Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide, but an alarming treatment gap exists, especially in lower- and middle income countries (LMIC), where people are exposed to many societal and sociodemographic risk factors. As internet access increases in LMIC, online interventions could decrease this gap, especially when shown suitable for all demographics, including vulnerable groups with low socioeconomic status (SES). We used mixed-model analysis to explore moderating effects of sociodemographic factors (age, sex, education level, SES and urbanicity) on treatment effect in a recent trial in Indonesia, comparing guided online behavioral activation versus online psychoeducation only for depression, in 313 participants from (sub)urban areas. Outcome measures were self-reported Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) and Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS-SR). Without correction for multiple testing, we found urbanicity to moderate treatment effect, with stronger treatment effect in suburban relative to urban participants (IDS-SR 24 weeks past baseline, p = 0.04) and a trend towards moderation by SES, with stronger treatment effect in low SES groups (PHQ-9 10 weeks past baseline, p = 0.07). These exploratory results suggest online treatments are a promising mental health intervention for all demographics in a (sub)urban LMIC setting, but hypothesis-testing studies including rural participants are warranted. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are inevitably a key biopolymer that has the potential to replace the conventional petrochemical based plastics that pose jeopardy to the environment globally. Even then the reach of PHA in the common market is so restricted. The economy of PHA is such that, even after several attempts the overall production cost seems to be high and this very factor surpasses PHAs usage when compared to the conventional polymers. The major focus of the review relies on the synthesis of PHA from Mixed Microbial Cultures (MMCs), through a 3-stage process most probably utilizing feedstocks from waste streams or models that mimic them. Emphasis was given to the works carried out in the past decade and their coherence with each and every individual criteria (Aeration, Substrate and bioprocess parameters) such that to understand their effect in enhancing the overall production of PHA. Organosolv treatment is among the most promising strategies for valorising lignocellulosic biomass and could facilitate the transition towards enhanced utilization of renewable feedstocks. However, issues such as inefficient solvent recycle and fractionation has to be overcome. The present review aims to address these issues and discuss the role of the components present during organosolv treatment and their influence on the overall process. Thus, the review focuses not only on how the choice of solvent and catalyst affects lignocellulosic fractionation, but also on how the choice of treatment liquor influences the possibility for solvent recycling and product isolation. Several organic solvents have been investigated in combination with water and acid/base catalysts; however, the lack of a holistic approach often compromises the performance of the different operational units. Thus, an economically viable organosolv process should optimize biomass fractionation, product isolation, and solvent recycling. BACKGROUND Magnesium alloy implants have lower stress load and can be absorbed gradually, but their degradation rates are too fast generally. A magnesium alloy contained 5% Zn and 0.5% Zr (ZK50) which have lower degradation rate are designed to be applied to cannulated bone screw. METHODS An oxidation heat treatment of 380 °C for 2 h proceeds to modify the ZK50 Mg alloy (ZK50-H). The microstructure observation, degradation tests and Biocompatibility analysis are proceeded between ZK50 and ZK50-H. Finally, a mini-pig implantation test is proceeded to provide a reference of implant application for future pre-clinical evaluation. RESULTS The heat treatment can improve the mechanical properties. A passive ceramic layer formed after simulated body fluid (SBF) solution immersion can restrict the degradation effectively. The cytotoxicity test shows the initial biosafety of ZK50 Mg alloy. A mini-pig implantation test of bone screw has proceeded to confirm the advanced biocompatibility. The ZK50-H screws can maintain enough support at least 8 weeks which the fracture of bone can get curing.