CONCLUSIONS In the Austrian mountains, wind and pilot errors are the most common causes of aviation crashes. Aviation sports crashes frequently resulted in severe injuries and multiple trauma. The lumbar spine is particularly at risk in paragliders, whereas the thoracic spine is commonly affected in hang gliders. Injuries frequently caused long-term paralysis and limitations in quality of life. To minimize long-term consequences and save lives, skilled and well-equipped teams may be beneficial to provide effective on-site care and safe transportation to a trauma center. INTRODUCTION Snow parks (SPs) are an essential part of what draws individuals to winter resorts. When compared to traditional skiing and snowboarding, SPs heighten the risk and severity of injuries, as well as the rate of hospitalization. The aim of this study is to contribute to the knowledge on accidents in SPs based on the self-reported statements of practitioners. METHODS A questionnaire measured self-reported accident frequency and type, the nature of injuries sustained, the duration of the discomfort caused, and contributing factors such as terrain features. Demographic and sport-related data, such as ability and frequency of participation, were also collected. The questionnaires were administered in several SPs in the French Alps. RESULTS Teenagers and experienced freestylers are most frequently injured. The nature and location of injuries vary depending on the level of practice and type of feature. Few injured participants contact emergency services. CONCLUSIONS The rate of injuries in SPs exceed that reported in prior research. Because expert and young participants expose themselves to particularly serious bodily impacts in SP, they must pay special attention to prevention. Both the temperature at which defibrillation can be effectively used and how often it should be repeated in severe accidental hypothermia have not been definitely established. Current recommendations are based mainly on expert opinion and suggest withholding defibrillation after 3 shocks when the core temperature is below 30°C (86°F). However, growing evidence supports the effectiveness of defibrillation in patients with a core temperature below 30°C (86°F). We present a case of successful defibrillation of a 54-y-old, severely hypothermic patient with a core temperature of 18.2°C (64.8°F). The shock was delivered automatically by an implanted cardioverter-defibrillator shortly after the implementation of extracorporeal rewarming. The patient survived and was discharged from the hospital neurologically intact. It might be reasonable to consider defibrillation attempts in severely hypothermic patients despite current guidelines to the contrary. Increasing coronary perfusion using extracorporeal circulation may result in a better response to defibrillation. INTRODUCTION Depending on their theatre of operation, French soldiers may potentially be exposed to scorpion stings and snakebites. Following the recommendations of a French military health service (FMHS) technical committee for envenomation, the FMHS provides antivenoms appropriate to each deployment. This work aimed to evaluate this risk of envenomation and to assess the antivenoms used by the FMHS in operational theatres since the creation of this committee in 2015. METHODS Cases were identified based on a review of temporary authorization of use application forms for the use of antivenom. Data were collected retrospectively from these forms, and prescribing physicians were contacted for any missing data. RESULTS Between 2015 and 2017, 28 requests for temporary authorization of use were identified 19 for Scorpifav (Sanofi-Pasteur, Lyon, France) and 9 for Fav-Afrique (Sanofi-Pasteur). The FMHS treated 15 soldiers and 4 civilians for scorpion envenomation with Scorpifav 15 in Mali, 3 in Chad, and 1 in Niger. Systemic signs were observed in 7 patients. Two soldiers and 7 civilians were treated with Fav-Afrique for ophidian envenomation 5 in Djibouti, 3 in Mali, and 1 in the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire. These 28 patients were treated without sequelae. Other than moderate erythema that resolved with an antihistamine, no adverse effects were reported. Medical evacuation to France was unnecessary. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the risk of envenomation for soldiers on deployment is low but real. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/kn-62.html Antivenoms used by the FMHS were efficient and well tolerated, preserving the operational capacity of deployed troops. INTRODUCTION Anecdotal media reports suggest an increase in snakebites after hurricanes. After Hurricane Harvey, several households called Texas poison control centers to report snakebites that occurred when rising water flooded homes. Patterns of snakebite before and after hurricane landfalls have not been well studied. METHODS We reviewed retrospective surveillance data from the Texas Poison Control Network to examine snakebites possibly related to tropical storms/hurricanes that hit Texas between 2000 and 2017. For that assessment, we compared 2 groups of counties those designated for individual assistance (impact counties) by the Federal Emergency Management Agency and all others (nonimpact counties). Typically, counties with individual assistance declarations are those in which damage is worse and resident return may be delayed. RESULTS Eleven named tropical storms/hurricanes struck Texas between 2000 and 2017; 9 received individual assistance declarations. During the 18 y, 2037 snakebites were reported in the 30 d after and the 30 d before landfalls in 9 storms; 132 (6%) occurred poststorm in impact counties, and 13 of 132 (9%) of the case narratives mentioned hurricanes as a contributing factor. Impact counties were not statistically more likely to report snakebites in the 30 d after landfall for any of the 9 storms or overall, nor did we find differences in patient demographic characteristics, type of snake, and care patterns post- and prestorm. CONCLUSIONS There was no evidence of increases in snakebites after hurricanes in Texas during the study period. More detailed evaluations may be warranted in other regions that experience hurricanes and have venomous snake populations.