omplication of the traditional carotid-subclavian bypass, was not observed in this retrospective series.
Carotid-axillary bypass can be performed as a safe alternative to carotid-subclavian bypass for LSA coverage during TEVAR involving a more superficial anatomic course of dissection. Phrenic nerve palsy, a well-described complication of the traditional carotid-subclavian bypass, was not observed in this retrospective series.A cross-sectional survey to investigate relationships between coronavirus anxiety, individual death attitudes, and personal worldview was conducted among 202 German-speaking adults in Central Europe. Results indicated that death anxiety significantly predicts coronavirus anxiety beyond sociodemographic variables. Women reported higher coronavirus anxiety than men. Against expectations, dimensions of personal worldview were hardly related to coronavirus anxiety. In contrast, we found evidence for a curvilinear relationship between religiosity as well as atheism and negative death attitudes. Our study contributes to recent discussions about death anxiety as a transdiagnostic factor in psychopathology and yields important implications for psychosocial support in the current pandemic.The World Health Organization has classified the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and declared it a global health emergency. Repurposing drugs with minimum side effects are one approach to quickly respond in attempt to prevent the spread of COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 encodes several RNA processing enzymes that are unusual and unique for single-stranded RNA viruses, including Nsp15, a hexameric endoribonuclease that discriminatory cleaves immediately 3' of uridines. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/lenalidomide-s1029.html The structure of SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15 is reported to be homologous to that of the Nsp15 endoribonucleases of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, but it exhibits differences that may contribute to the greater virulence of SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to identify drugs that targeted SARS-COV-2 Nsp15 using a molecular docking-based virtual screening of a library containing 10,000 approved and experimental drugs. The molecular docking results revealed 19 medications that demonstrated a good ability to inhibit Nsp15. Among all the candidated 19 drugs only five FDA approved drugs were used for further investigation by molecular dynamics simulation, the stability of Nsp15-ligand system was evaluated by calculating the RMSD, RMSF, radius of gyration and hydrogen bond profile. Furthermore, MM-PBSA method was employed to validate the binding affinity. According to the obtained results of MD, the complex of Olaparib was showed more stability and lower binding free energy than the control inhibitor during MD simulation time. Finally, we suggest that Olaparib is a potential drug for treating patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and provide insight into the host immune response to viral RNA. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Cryogenic burns induced by coolant gases used in refrigerators and air conditioners are rarely encountered, despite the wide use of these gases. To date, only a few cases have been reported in the literature. This study examined the occupational circumstances leading to such injuries, relevant injury sites, types of chemicals involved, and treatment measures.

This study was conducted in a tertiary burn center in India between March 2015 and March 2019. The demographic details, chemicals involved, and burn regions and characteristics were analyzed.

There were 15 burn cases all involving injury to the hand. All injuries were managed initially with dressings and nonoperative management. One patient required anti-edema therapy with limb elevation and fingertip debridement, while another patient required skin grafting. All patients had satisfactory hand function after treatment.

Cryogenic burn injuries caused by refrigerants are rare, and their etiology varies considerably. Exposure time is the primary factor that determines burn depth and severity; hence, reducing exposure time is important in first aid. Our findings suggest that after exposure, the patient should be treated in a specialized burn center. Adequate knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of these types of burn injuries and their management is necessary; otherwise, misjudgments in the treatment plan can lead to adverse consequences.
Cryogenic burn injuries caused by refrigerants are rare, and their etiology varies considerably. Exposure time is the primary factor that determines burn depth and severity; hence, reducing exposure time is important in first aid. Our findings suggest that after exposure, the patient should be treated in a specialized burn center. Adequate knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of these types of burn injuries and their management is necessary; otherwise, misjudgments in the treatment plan can lead to adverse consequences.The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causes severe acute respiratory syndrome and can be fatal. In particular, antiviral drugs that are currently available to treat infection in the respiratory tract have been experienced, but there is a need for new antiviral drugs that are targeted and inhibit coronavirus. The antiviral properties of organic compounds found in nature, especially coumarins, are known and widely studied. Coumarins, which are also metabolites in many medicinal drugs, should be investigated as inhibitors against coronavirus due to their pharmacophore properties (low toxicity and high pharmacokinetic properties). The easy addition of substituents to the chemical structures of coumarins makes these structures unique for the drug design. This study focuses on factors that increase the molecular binding and antiviral properties of coumarins. Molecular docking studies have been carried out to five different proteins (Spike S1-subunit, NSP5, NSP12, NSP15, and NSP16) of the SARS-CoV-2 and two proteins (ACE2 and VKORC1) of human. The best binding scores for 17 coumarins were determined for NSP12 (NonStructural Protein-12). The highest score (-10.01 kcal/mol) in the coumarin group is 2-morpholinoethan-1-amine substituted coumarin. Molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) analyses of selected ligand-protein complexes were performed. The binding energies in each 5 ns were calculated and it was found that the interaction between ligand and target protein were stable. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.