The addition of an electron-deficient reagent such as 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone suppressed this isomerization in the case of both Z- and E-PB and PI. Ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) and energy-resolved tandem mass spectrometry (ERMS) analyses confirmed a successful isomerization suppression. For comparing the results obtained by depolymerization with classical methods for polymer analysis, pyrolysis-comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC × GC-MS), atmospheric solid analysis probe (ASAP), and direct inlet probe-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (DIP-APCI) analyses were performed on the same polymers. This strategy can be applied on a variety of synthetic and natural not yet characterized polymers.Battery safety is an ever-increasing significance to guarantee consumer's safety. Reducing or preventing the risk of battery fire and explosion is a must for battery manufacturers. Major reason for the occurrence of fire in commercial lithium-ion batteries is the flammability of conventional organic liquid electrolyte, which is typically composed of 1 M LiPF6 salt and ethylene carbonate (EC)-based organic solvents. Herein, we report the designed 1 M LiPF6 and EC-based nonflammable electrolyte including methyl(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)carbonate, which breaks the conventional perception that EC-based liquid electrolyte is always flammable. The designed electrolyte also provides high anodic stability beyond the conventional charge cut-off voltage of 4.2 V. A graphite∥LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 lithium-ion full cell with our designed EC-based nonflammable electrolyte with a small fraction of vinylene carbonate additive under an aggressive condition of 4.5 V charge cut-off voltage, 0.5C rate, and 45 °C exhibits increased capacity, reduced interfacial resistance, and improved performance and rate capability. A basic understanding of how a high-voltage cathode-electrolyte interface and anode-electrolyte interface are stabilized and how failure modes are mitigated by fire-preventing electrolyte is discussed.The titratable acidity, alkalinity, and carboxylate content are fundamental properties required for the understanding of aqueous chemical systems. Here, we present a set of new methods that allow these properties to be determined directly by 1H NMR without the labor, cost, and sample quantity associated with running separate potentiometric or conductometric titrations. Our methods require only the measurement of the pH-sensitive 1H chemical shifts of indicator molecules and do not require the tedious titration of reagents into a sample. To determine the titratable acidity, an excess of 2-methylimidazole (2MI) is added to a sample and the quantity of protons absorbed by 2MI is determined from its 1H chemical shifts. The titratable alkalinity of a sample can be similarly determined using acetic acid. To determine the concentration of deprotonated carboxylates, a sample is acidified with HCl, and the quantity of H+ absorbed is determined from the 1H chemical shift of methylphosphonic acid. We validate our methods by demonstrating the measurement of the acidity of fruit-flavored drinks, the alkalinity of tap water, and the carboxylate content of nanocellulose dispersions.Semiconducting carbon nanotube (CNT) networks exhibit electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties attractive for thin-film applications, and printing allows for scalable and economically favorable fabrication of CNT thin-film transistors (TFTs). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ml324.html However, device-to-device variation of printed CNT-TFTs remains a concern, which largely stems from variations in printed CNT thin-film morphology and resulting properties. In this work, we overcome the challenges associated with printing uniformity and demonstrate an aerosol jet printing process that yields devices exhibiting a hole mobility of μh = 12.5 cm2/V·s with a relative standard deviation as small as 4% (from over 38 devices). The enabling factors of such high uniformity include control of the CNT ink bath temperature during printing, ink formulation with nonvolatile and viscosifying additives, and a thermal treatment for polymer removal. It is discovered that a low CNT ink temperature benefits aerosol jet printing uniformity and stability in both short-term (∼1 min) and long-term (∼1 h) printing settings. These findings shed light on the effect of a commonly overlooked dimension of CNT aerosol jet printing and provide a practical strategy for large-scale, high-consistency realization of CNT-TFTs.Dysregulation of cellular ribose uptake can be indicative of metabolic abnormalities or tumorigenesis. However, analytical methods are currently limited for quantifying ribose concentration in complex biological samples. Here, we utilize the highly specific recognition of ribose by ribose-binding protein (RBP) to develop a single-protein ribose sensor detectable via a sensitive NMR technique known as hyperpolarized 129Xe chemical exchange saturation transfer (hyper-CEST). We demonstrate that RBP, with a tunable ribose-binding site and further engineered to bind xenon, enables the quantitation of ribose over a wide concentration range (nM to mM). Ribose binding induces the RBP "closed" conformation, which slows Xe exchange to a rate detectable by hyper-CEST. Such detection is remarkably specific for ribose, with the minimal background signal from endogenous sugars of similar size and structure, for example, glucose or ribose-6-phosphate. Ribose concentration was measured for mammalian cell lysate and serum, which led to estimates of low-mM ribose in a HeLa cell line. This highlights the potential for using genetically encoded periplasmic binding proteins such as RBP to measure metabolites in different biological fluids, tissues, and physiologic states.The process complexity, limited stability, and distinct synthesis and dispersion steps restrict the usage of multicomponent metal oxide nanodispersions in solution-processed electronics. Herein, sonochemistry is employed for the in situ synthesis and formulation of a colloidal nanodispersion of high-permittivity (κ) multicomponent lanthanum zirconium oxide (LZO La2Zr2O7). The continuous propagation of intense ultrasound waves in the aqueous medium allows the generation of oxidant species which, on reaction, form nanofragments of crystalline LZO at ∼80 °C. Simultaneously, the presence of acidic byproducts in the vicinity promotes the formulation of a stable as-prepared LZO dispersion. The LZO thin film exhibits a κ of 16, and thin-film transistors (TFTs) based on LZO/indium gallium zinc oxide operate at low input voltages (≤4 V), with the maximum mobility (μ) and on/off ratio (Ion/Ioff) of 5.45 ± 0.06 cm2 V-1 s-1 and ∼105, respectively. TFTs based on the compound dielectric LZO/Al2O3 present a marginal reduction in leakage current, along with enhancement in μ (6.