09/17/2024


ous examinationis is very useful intraoperatively when it is necessary to communicate with the pathologist. Multidisciplinary approach is adopted including ENT, oncological, radiotherapeutic, pathological and radiological approaches. Prognosis depends on the histological type, the stage of progression and treatment.
the control of the mosquito malaria vectors by the National Malaria Control Programme of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) relies mainly on the use of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs). However, the widespread emergence of resistance to pyrethroids is jeopardizing this control strategy. The objective of this study is to determine the status and resistance mechanisms involved in Anopheles gambiae s.l. population of DRC.

pre-imaginal stages of An. gambiae s.l. were collected and standard WHO bioassays were performed on adult An. gambiae s.l. reared in the laboratory from larvae collected from different sites in the study area. The bioassays with the synergist PBO were also performed to determine the likely implication of oxydases in the resistance. The alleles of knock down resistance (Kdr) gene and species of anopheles were determined by PCR-RLFP.

all Anopheles mosquitoes tested belonged to the Anopheles gambiae complex. An. Gambiae (69.6%) was predominant, followed by An. Coluzzii (25.6Kdr gene. PBO significantly improved the effectiveness of deltamethrin. The results of this study can be helpful to policy makers in decision making for vector control programmes in the region.
the most recently discovered severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) that causes COVID-19, subjected the entire world in turmoil health-wise and economically. With higher burden of malaria in Nigeria and other sub-Saharan African countries coupled with fragile healthcare system and delivery, these may pose a threat in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19 patients co-infected with malaria. Free radicals have been implicated in the progression and pathogenesis of malaria and COVID-19 through Fenton's reaction and cytokine storm respectively.

the current research comprises of seventy-four (74) participants; 20 apparently healthy controls and 54 COVID-19 patients (34 among which were co-infected with malaria). Serum levels of 8-iso PGF2α and Alphatocopherol were determined among the study participants using ELISA technique and colorimetric assay, respectively.

results revealed statistically significant elevation of 8-iso PGF2α in COVID-19 patients co-infected with malaria compared ttive stress and low Alphatocopherol. The increase in oxidative stress is proportional to malaria parasite density and inversely related to Alphatocopherol levels. This implies that oxidative stress is notably higher and such patients may have a severer form of the COVID-19. Increased 8-iso-PGF2α in co-infection and decreased alphatocopherol levels can reflect the severity and adverse outcomes compared to COVID-19 naïve because of their tremendous involvement in the pathogenesis and progression of diseases.Non-alphabetical hepatitis (Epstein Barr virus -EBV-, cytomegalovirus -CMV-, Herpes simplex virus -HSV-, varicella zoster virus -VZV-etc.) may be a mode of revelation of several underlying chronic liver diseases including autoimmune hepatitis (HAI). We report a peculiar case of acute EBV hepatitis, revealing type I autoimmune hepatitis confirmed by liver biopsy through puncture in a female patient on breast cancer treatment. The study involved a 29-year-old female patient on breast cancer treatment scheduled to receive radiotherapy and chemotherapy, hospitalized for acute severe hepatitis (fever with jaundice, hypertransaminasemia (normal AST level 47 and normal ALT level 23 and prothrombin activity 25%). The test for viral hepatitis A, B, C, and E was negative and subhepatic veins were free on doppler. Non-alphabetical hepatitis was suspected based on fever with jaundice. Patient's assessment showed recent EBV infection diagnosed on the basis of the presence of anti-VAC IgM/G and anti-EBNA Ab IgG. The patient received acyclovir for 10 days. Progression was marked by ascites. The diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis was retained based on laboratory tests (gamma peak on serum protein electrophoresis and positive anti-nuclear antibodies) and histological examination. Clinical-biological remission was obtained with corticosteroid therapy. EBV infections should be investigated in immunocompromised patients with fever in the clinical course of acute hepatitis. Practitioners should also suspect it in patients with persistent cytolysis following an infectious episode in order to prevent the occurrence of autoimmune hepatitis, in particular in female patients, in a context of self-immunity and negative serological tests for alphabetical viral hepatitis.Ovarian cancer is the seventh most commonly diagnosed cancer among women in the world and epithelial ovarian cancer is the most predominant pathologic subtype. Tumor markers are widely used in clinical practice to determine therapeutic efficacy, to detect recurrence and to predict prognosis in known cancers. CA-19-9 antigen is mainly elevated in cases of gastrointestinal tract malignancy, including of the pancreas, colorectum, and biliary tract. However, CA 19-9 antigen can also be elevated in ovarian mucinous neoplasms. We report herein the case of a 58-year-old woman who presented with an abnormally high level of CA 19-9 antigen associated with ovarian mucinous borderline tumor.Madura foot, relatively easy to diagnose in tropical countries, is very rare and unrecognized in Morocco, causing diagnostic delays. We present the case of a 54-year-old patient with mycetoma for 3 years who initially consulted two general practitioners, then an endocrinologist and finally a dermatologist in order to be diagnosed correctly. The diagnosis of mycetoma based on biological criteria was established at a late stage of irreversible bone lesions; requiring amputation by the orthopedic team. Mycetomas are fungal or bacterial. Delays in diagnosis and care are frequent in Morocco. The diagnosis is based on biology; however, radiological examinations are necessary to assess the extension. The initial treatment is medicinal. Surgery takes place in late stages.
the burden of colorectal carcinoma (CRC), once considered rare in Africa, may be changing with the disease being increasingly diagnosed and there is a suggestion that age and race influence tumour behaviour. We sought to describe the clinicopathological spectrum of CRC among the different race and age groups in a South African setting.

analysis of prospectively collected data from an on-going colorectal cancer database, including demographics, clinical presentation, site, staging and grading on all patients enrolled over an 18-year period.

a total of 2232 patients with CRC were accrued over the study period (Africans, 798; Indians, 890; Coloureds, 104; and Whites, 440). Mean age was 57.7 (SD 14.4) but varied considerably by race (p < 0.001) with Africans being significantly younger. Young adults (aged < 40 years) totalled 305 and older patients (aged > 40 years) totalled 1927. The proportion of young patients (< 40 years old) was 28%, 7%, 9% and 3% among Africans, Indian, Coloured and White d in young patients.
pregnant women need access to skilled attendance at birth and emergency obstetric care (EmOC) to avert maternal deaths. While poor EmOC services may explain the high maternal mortality, inadequate knowledge of providers is also part of the problem. This forms the basis of this paper, in a setting where 50.2% of women deliver in a health facility but maternal mortality remains high at 531/100,000 live births, compared to the national average of 362/100,000 in Kenya.

a facility based cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2018 with a set of knowledge questions extracted from the averting maternal death and disability toolkit. Providers knowledge for maternal and newborn health (MNH) was assessed by interviewing nurses on duty in the maternity units. Data were entered in Ms Access and exported to R version 3.6.2 for descriptive and logistic regression analysis. Ethical clearance was obtained from Kenya Medical Research Unit.

a total of 55 nurses were interviewed. Majority (71%) of the respondents were diploma nurses. The overall knowledge score for MNH among the providers was adequate with a score of (64%). Generally, the midwives and higher diploma nurses consistently scored higher than diploma nurses in all the topic areas of MNH. In the mixed linear regression, determinants of knowledge score were seen in provider-level variables.

overall, the providers scores were higher on intrapartum and newborn care compared to scores on care for complications. We conclude that in-service training on EmOC to providers is critical to reduction of maternal mortality.
overall, the providers scores were higher on intrapartum and newborn care compared to scores on care for complications. We conclude that in-service training on EmOC to providers is critical to reduction of maternal mortality.
low levels of contraceptive use in Western Africa are responsible for high fertility rates, which limits economic development. The cost of modern contraceptives is a significant constraint, then the government of Burkina Faso has implemented free family planning. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sbi-0640756.html Given this new policy, we provided rural women with a healthcare voucher giving free access to modern contraceptives. We conducted an analysis of the determinants of good free voucher use in order to implement adequate government policy.

six months after the distribution of vouchers to women living in 30 villages in the Houet Province, we conducted a focus-group study based on individual in-depth health care provider interviews in partner healthcare centers.

the benefits of family planning, free contraceptive use, husband's approval and moral obligation were factors facilitating voucher use. The desire to become pregnant, husband's opposition, women's reluctance, women's lack of knowledge of contraceptives and factors associated with the intervention were the leading reasons for not using the vouchers.

the promotion of modern contraceptive use among married women or concubines requires a holistic approach combining free access to modern contraceptives, effective policies involving men in family planning and the reduction of fertility preferences among the couples.
the promotion of modern contraceptive use among married women or concubines requires a holistic approach combining free access to modern contraceptives, effective policies involving men in family planning and the reduction of fertility preferences among the couples.
the spread of HIV among adolescents requires effective interventions as new infections are high in this cohort globally. We explored perception of community leaders on the prevalence of adolescent´s HIV in Mulanje, Malawi.

focus group discussion (n=11) and in-depth interviews (n=15) were conducted with community leaders in all Traditional Authorities in Mulanje district, Malawi. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. Data were analysed using thematic content approach.

the perceptions of community leaders on the HIV prevalence among adolescents fall into three groups lack of access to health services in rural areas, cultural beliefs and social practices. Unavailability of condoms and youth centres were perceived to contribute to lack of access to health services. On harmful cultural beliefs, study participants observed that initiation ceremonies and prolonged wedding dances at night were contributing to HIV spread. Several issues were reported on social issues including poverty, illicit drug and substance abuse, long distances to school, modern technologies and peer pressure.