The structure of relationships in the past, the present and the future is shaped by the idea of humanism. Based on this construct, the article illuminates various aspects and configurations of humanism on a timeline from "here and now" to "there and then". The current reality of care goes hand in hand with an emotional alienation of relationships. Advances in technology and reductionist neurobiological ideas can make it difficult to look at a person's mental illness as a whole. Any (communication) technology that has been developed in the past or will be developed in the future will sooner or later find its way into psychiatry and psychotherapy and change relationships. Transhumanism runs the risk that people will become alienated from each other and their species. Neural networks are algorithms that work regardless of the hardware used, be it based on organic carbon units such as humans or non-organic silicon units such as the computer/cyborg. There will be different ways to achieve super intelligence. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bufalin.html Intelligence is a "must" and consciousness is a "can". If there is a change from a homocentric to a data-centered world view and the power of humans is transferred to the algorithms, humans could lose their economic value and the humanistic goals of health and happiness would be lost.The satirical story describes how the first person became "conscious".
AI-based applications are increasingly developed to support users to digitally record, manage and change their emotions, beliefs and behavior patterns. Such forms of self-tracking in the mental sphere are accompanied by a variety of medical benefits in diagnostics, prevention, and therapy. This article pursues the question of which philosophical-ethical implications must be taken into account when dealing with these advantages.

First, some AI-based applications for self-tracking of mental characteristics and processes are outlined. Subsequently, relevant philosophical-ethical implications are presented.

The following aspects prove to be normatively relevant improvement versus reduction of self-determination; improvement of self-knowledge versus alienation; positive versus negative aspects of self-responsible health care; epistemic challenges of AI applications; difficulties of conceptual and normative definitions in the applications.
The following aspects prove to be normatively relevant improvement versus reduction of self-determination; improvement of self-knowledge versus alienation; positive versus negative aspects of self-responsible health care; epistemic challenges of AI applications; difficulties of conceptual and normative definitions in the applications.Smart assistive technologies are increasingly discussed as a solution for the care of people with dementia. The article considers central ethical challenges of the use of such systems. It focuses on issues of privacy and empowerment.Using the example of dementia in Alzheimer's disease, it is shown which opportunities but also risks are posed by newer methodological approaches of artificial intelligence (AI) for the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's dementia (AD). In addition, AI is examined in the context of an ethical-philosophical critique of technology.
This paper provides an overview of a range of ethical aspects involved in the use of autonomous, virtual or embodied artificial intelligence (AI) in the care of people with mental health issues.

The overview is based on a thematic literature review. It is guided by the principles of biomedical ethics together with the concept of epistemic (in)justice.

In addition to a risk-benefit analysis, (digital) health literacy, equity of access, issues of under- or misuse of care, and an adaptation of informed consent need to be considered.

The ethical assessment of autonomous AI in psychotherapy remains open; too many clinical, ethical, legal, and practical questions remain to be addressed. Quality criteria for AI application as well as guidelines for its clinical use need to be developed before wider clinical implementation.
The ethical assessment of autonomous AI in psychotherapy remains open; too many clinical, ethical, legal, and practical questions remain to be addressed. Quality criteria for AI application as well as guidelines for its clinical use need to be developed before wider clinical implementation.
Identifying ethical problems arising from AI research and Computational Psychiatry for psychiatric research and practice.

Conceptual analysis and discussion of ethically relevant projects within Computational Psychiatry.

Computational Psychiatry promises a contribution to improving diagnostics and therapy (prediction). Ethical problems include dealing with data protection, consequences for our self-image, as well as the risk of biologization and the neglect of conscious experience.

It is necessary to consider possible applications of AI and Computational Psychiatry
in order to create the conditions for responsible use in the future. This requires a basic understanding of how AI applications work and of the associated ethical problems.
It is necessary to consider possible applications of AI and Computational Psychiatry now in order to create the conditions for responsible use in the future. This requires a basic understanding of how AI applications work and of the associated ethical problems.This article focuses on hopes and expectations that are discursively linked to computational technologies in the face of the current "crisis of psychiatric diagnostics". On the basis of document analyses, expert interviews as well as laboratory and conference ethnographies, the fiction of an "unprejudiced gaze" is worked out. According to this imagination, the procedures of "artificial intelligence" may let the data - and ultimately the facts - speak for themselves. However, since "data-driven" research is also determined by conceptual and normative decisions, this fiction could obscure epistemic hierarchizations and ontological prioritizations in psychiatric discourse. Against this backdrop, dependencies and selectivities of research should not be denied but made transparent allowing for a controversial debate.The article summarizes various publications on the application of "learning algorithms" and "artificial neural networks" in psychiatry to describe a dystopian future scenario. The draft of a nosology based on molecular biology is opposed to the ecological disturbance concept of psychiatry developed from the critical examination of history and in dialogue with the stakeholders.
The aim of the article is to enable a fundamental understanding of the potentials and requirements of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for psychiatrists in the present and for the development of future working environments. Psychiatrists will need to understand the function of AI-systems and personalized AI-assistants in therapy systems and as part of their patients' daily life.

The article provides an overview of basic categories and fields of application of AI and machine learning in the diagnosis, prevention and therapy of mental disorders.

AI-applications will shape the prevention, diagnosis and treatment as well as the basic etiological understanding of mental disorders. Notably, the treatment of mental disorders is significantly influenced by commercial product development and assistance systems outside the medical system, as the corresponding developments can exploit large data pools with significantly lower restrictions.

Psychiatrists should now seize the opportunity to actively shape the implementation of AI-systems as otherwise key competences could be transferred to a primary field outside the medical system to the detriment of the patient and the therapist.
Psychiatrists should now seize the opportunity to actively shape the implementation of AI-systems as otherwise key competences could be transferred to a primary field outside the medical system to the detriment of the patient and the therapist.The purpose of this study was to present a medial plication using an arthroscopic all-inside technique for the treatment of patellar instability in adolescents. From July 2009 to June 2012, 19 patients with acute patellar dislocation were operated by this technique. Of these patients, follow-up was available in 17 patients at an average of 3 years (range 1.5-4 years). At the follow-up, we evaluated the patients with physical examinations, radiographs, computed tomography scan, as well as the Lysholm and Kujala scoring scales. No recurrence of patellar instability has been found. The recovery of knee mobilization resulted to be good. We think this could be a valid technique to treat patellar instability in adolescents with less associated morbidity and good cosmetic results.
Many individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not respond to initial antidepressant monotherapy. Adjunctive aripiprazole is recommended for treatment non-response; however, the impacts on quality of life (QoL) for individuals who receive this second-line treatment strategy have not been described.

We evaluated secondary QoL outcomes in patients with MDD (n=179). After 8 weeks of escitalopram, non-responders (<50% decrease in clinician-rated depression) were treated with adjunctive aripiprazole for 8 weeks (n=97); responders continued escitalopram (n=82). A repeated-measures ANOVA evaluated change in Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Short Form scores. QoL was described relative to normative benchmarks.

Escitalopram responders experienced the most QoL improvements in the first treatment phase. For non-responders, QoL improved with a large effect during adjunctive aripiprazole treatment. At the endpoint, 47% of patients achieving symptomatic remission still had impaired QoL.

Individuals who were treated with adjunctive aripiprazole after non-response to escitalopram experienced improved QoL, but a substantial degree of QoL impairment persisted. Since QoL deficits may predict MDD recurrence, attention to ways to support this outcome is required.
Individuals who were treated with adjunctive aripiprazole after non-response to escitalopram experienced improved QoL, but a substantial degree of QoL impairment persisted. Since QoL deficits may predict MDD recurrence, attention to ways to support this outcome is required.
Injecting soft tissue fillers into the deep plane of the forehead carries the risk of injection related visual compromise due to the specific course of the arterial vasculature.

To investigate the 2- and 3-dimensional location of the change of plane of the deep branch of the supratrochlear and supraorbital artery, respectively.

A total of 50 patients (11 males and 39 females, mean age 49.76 (13.8) years, mean body mass index of 22.53 (2.6) kg/m 2) were investigated with ultrasound imaging. The total thickness, and the distance of the arteries from the skin and bone surface were measured using a 15-7 MHz broadband compact linear array transducer.

The deep branch of the supraorbital artery changed plane from deep to superficial to the frontalis muscle at a mean distance of 13mm [range 7.0 - 19.0] in males and at 14mm [range 4.0 - 24.0] in females and for the deep branch of the supratrochlear artery at a mean distance of 14mm in males and females [range 10.0 - 19.0 in males, 4.0 - 27.0 in females when measured from the superior orbital rim.