We speculate that LongZhang Gargle would be a promising natural drug, which can be used in treatment against C. albicans and S. mutans in oral diseases.
This study is aimed at investigating the expression, underlying biological function, and clinical significance of coatomer protein complex subunit beta 2 (COPB2) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

HCC-related data were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database, and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/endoxifen-hcl.html A logistic regression module was applied to analyze the relationship between the expression of COPB2 and clinicopathologic characteristics. The Cox proportional hazard regression model and Kaplan-Meier method were used for survival analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to annotate the underlying biological functions. Loss-of-function experiments were conducted to determine the underlying mechanisms.

COPB2 was overexpressed in HCC, and high expression of COPB2 was significantly correlated with higher alpha fetoprotein (AFP) (odds ratio (OR) = 1.616, >20 vs. ≤20,
< 0.05), stage (OR = 1.744, III vs. I,
< 0.05), and grade (OR = 1.746, G4+G3 vs. G2+G1,
< 0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that HCC patients with high COPB2 expression had a worse prognosis than those with low COPB2 expression (
< 0.0001 for TCGA cohort,
< 0.05 for ICGC cohort). The univariate Cox (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.068,
< 0.0001) and multivariate Cox (HR = 2.011,
< 0.05) regression analyses suggested that COPB2 was an independent risk factor. GSEA showed that mTOR and other tumor-related signaling pathways were differentially enriched in the high COPB2 expression phenotype. Silencing of COPB2 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities by suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and mTOR signaling.

COPB2 is a novel prognostic biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for HCC.
COPB2 is a novel prognostic biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for HCC.
Xiaochaihu decoction (XD) has demonstrated the pharmacodynamics on acute pancreatitis. This study was aimed at investigating the material and molecular basis of Xiaochaihu decoction.

Firstly, compounds of seven herbs containing XD were collected from the TCMSP, ETCM, and BATMAN-TCM databases, and the putative targets of pancreatitis were obtained from the OMIM, TTD, and GeneCards databases. Then, the PPI network was constructed according to the matching results between XD potential targets and pancreatic neoplasm targets. Furthermore, enrichment analysis on GO and KEGG by DAVID utilized bioinformatics resources. Finally, molecular docking was performed to simulate the interaction between the active compound of XD and putative targets. In an
experiment, AR42J cells were induced by LPS and then treated with Quercetin (25, 50, and 100 
M) or XCHD. The IL-6, TNF-
, and IL-1
levels were detected by ELISA kit,
and
mRNA expressions were measured by qRT-PCR, and the proteins of MAPK3 and TP53 express of MPAK3, IL-6, and TP53 which were associated with inflammation and apoptosis.This study investigated the antimicrobial efficacies of grape seed extract (GSE) and cinnamaldehyde (CIN) against Salmonella enterica and Listeria innocua and the influence of hydrogenated rapeseed oil (HRO) and palm kernel oil (PKO) on the texture and oil separation in pumpkin/sesame/sunflower seed butter. The results showed that the 10 and 15% GSE significantly reduced both S. enterica and L. innocua. Cinnamaldehyde was effective against S. enterica but did not significantly reduce L. innocua. Hydrogenated rapeseed oil at 2 and 3% concentrations prevented hardening of the seed butter and thus facilitated its spreadability. The 3% HRO-stabilized seed butter had less oil separation and a better texture than the control. Although PKO influenced the hardness of the butter after 35 days, its effect was not as pronounced as that of HRO. The HRO was also more effective in reducing the adhesiveness and thus the stickiness of the seed butter when compared with the PKO. Both HRO and PKO did not influence cohesiveness and adhesiveness changes to the butter after 7 days, although the HRO samples showed a lower level of cohesiveness when initially added to the samples.
Long-term exposure to mercury can cause minimal change disease. However, the current understanding of mercury-associated minimal change disease (M-MCD) is inadequate. To improve the understanding of M-MCD, this study retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological, ultrastructural, and prognostic features of M-MCD, in comparison with primary minimal change disease (P-MCD).

We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological data of 21 M-MCD patients and 21 P-MCD patients. Electron micrographs of glomerular capillaries were taken, and the foot process width (FPW) was measured. A receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the optimum cutoff value of FPW that can differentiate the M-MCD from P-MCD.

M-MCD patients presented similar clinical and routine pathological characteristics with P-MCD patients but had lower levels of FPW (935.0 [interquartile range (IQR) 853.7-1,176.7] nm vs. 1,403.2 [IQR 1,089.2-1,841.8] nm,
= 0.002). ROC curve analysis showed that FPW valts, but with less severe foot process effacement, suggesting different pathogenesis of these 2 disease entities. The treatment of mercury detoxification was highly effective for patients with M-MCD and can be considered as a primary choice in clinical practice.
Drug-induced acute kidney injury (D-AKI) is one of the important types of AKI. The incidence of D-AKI in China has rarely been studied.

This study aims to explore the disease burden, related drugs, and risk factors of D-AKI.

A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted in adult patients from 23 academic hospitals in 17 provinces in China. Suspected AKI was screened based on serum creatinine changes in accordance with the 2012 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes Clinical Practice Guideline for AKI, patients who met the diagnosis of hospital-acquired AKI in January and July of 2014 were defined. Suspected AKI was firstly evaluated for the possibility of D-AKI by pharmacists using the Naranjo Scale and finally defined as D-AKI by nephrologists through reviewing AKI clinical features.

Altogether 280,255 hospitalized patients were screened and 1,960 cases were diagnosed as hospital-acquired AKI, among which 735 cases were defined as having D-AKI (37.50%, 735/1,960) with an in-hospital mortality rate of 13.