iated with the consumption of opioid drugs (p = 0.023, p = 0.041, p = 0.011, respectively). Consumption of opioid medications was not statistically significantly correlated with pain intensity (p = 0.115).

The factors affecting the appropriate use of medications are social, economic, cultural, and flaws in the health-care system of a society. This study showed that the medications used to reduce pain included analgesics, traditional drugs, and antibiotics. The rate of self-medication was higher among men and among those having a higher level of education.
The factors affecting the appropriate use of medications are social, economic, cultural, and flaws in the health-care system of a society. This study showed that the medications used to reduce pain included analgesics, traditional drugs, and antibiotics. The rate of self-medication was higher among men and among those having a higher level of education.
To explore the application value of Stachys sieboldii Miq granules which is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients.

Randomized double blind method was used to select 160 patients with stable COPD. The patients were randomly divided into placebo group and Stachys sieboldii Miq group. Both groups underwent test items for 2 months, detected plasma cytokines, Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores, pulmonary function, and the frequency of acute exacerbation (AE) at week 12. Follow-up was done every 12 weeks till 48 weeks to record the frequency of AE.

A total of 120 patients with 60 in each group were included. At week 12, there were significant differences in the plasma concentrations of TH17, IL-17A, IFN-γ and IL-10 between the two groups (All p=0.000). The proinflammatory factors TH17 and IL-17A were significantly lower in control group, while the anti-inflammatory factors IFN-γ and IL-10 were higher in the control group . And the SGRQ score of Stachys sieboldii Miq group was significantly lower. There was no significant difference in lung function (FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC) between the two groups (p=0.510, 0.529, and 0.843). Within 48 weeks, the AE frequency and change with time showed significant differences between the two groups (p=0.029), and the incidence of AE was reduced by 47.9% in Stachys sieboldii Miq group.

Stachys sieboldii Miq granules reduced proinflammatory factors and increased anti-inflammatory factors in stable COPD patients, reducing the probability of inducing AE.treatment.
Stachys sieboldii Miq granules reduced proinflammatory factors and increased anti-inflammatory factors in stable COPD patients, reducing the probability of inducing AE.treatment.
Angiographic outcomes of contact aspiration thrombectomy (CAT), a frontline thrombectomy strategy, can vary depending on balloon guide catheter (BGC) usage, stroke etiology, and occlusion location. The purpose of this study was to analyze conditional outcomes of CAT to determine which result in maximum angiographic benefits.

Patients who received CAT for anterior circulation occlusive stroke between January 2017 and December 2018 were included. Angiographic and clinical outcomes were compared relative to BGC use, stroke etiology, and occlusion location. Multivariable analyses for first-pass reperfusion (FPR) and favorable clinical outcome were performed.

Of 160 included patients, the rates of FPR, successful reperfusion after CAT, final successful reperfusion, and favorable clinical outcome were 43.1%, 58.1%, 81.9%, and 60.6%, respectively. BGC use was associated with a higher rate of FPR, successful reperfusion after CAT, a lower rate of distal embolization, and faster reperfusion. Based on subgroup analysis, BGC usage in ICA, MCA M1 occlusion, and cardioembolism were associated with higher FPR, successful reperfusion after CAT, and lower distal embolization. Faster reperfusion was achieved in ICA occlusions and cardioembolisms. BGC usage was an independent predictor of FPR. Favorable clinical outcome was associated with male gender, low initial NIHSS score, fast onset to reperfusion, and FPR.

In CAT, BGC usage was associated with better angiographic outcomes, including higher FPR, successful reperfusion after CAT, prevention of distal embolization, and faster reperfusion, especially in proximal occlusions and cardioembolisms. These conditions may play a role in maximizing the benefits of CAT.
In CAT, BGC usage was associated with better angiographic outcomes, including higher FPR, successful reperfusion after CAT, prevention of distal embolization, and faster reperfusion, especially in proximal occlusions and cardioembolisms. These conditions may play a role in maximizing the benefits of CAT.The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has enormous impact on society and healthcare. Countries imposed lockdowns, which were followed by a reduction in care utilization. The aims of this study were to quantify the effects of lockdown on pediatric care in the Netherlands, to elucidate the cause of the observed reduction in pediatric emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admissions, and to summarize the literature regarding the effects of lockdown on pediatric care worldwide. ED visits and hospital admission data of 8 general hospitals in the Netherlands between January 2016 and June 2020 were summarized per diagnosis group (communicable infections, noncommunicable infections, (probable) infection-related, and noninfectious). The effects of lockdown were quantified with a linear mixed effects model. A literature review regarding the effect of lockdowns on pediatric clinical care was performed. In total, 126,198 ED visits and 47,648 admissions were registered in the study period. The estimated reduction alization, especially in ED visits and hospital admissions because of infections that were not caused by SARS-CoV-2. • Care utilization for noninfectious diagnoses was decreased as well, which may indicate that pediatric care avoidance during a pandemic is significant.Current evidence regarding the benefit of preoperative embolization (POE) of meningiomas is inconclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the safety profile of the procedure and to compare outcomes in embolized versus non-embolized meningiomas. PubMed was queried for studies after January 1990 reporting outcomes of POE. Pertinent variables were extracted and synthesized from eligible articles. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2, and random-effects model was employed to calculate pooled 95% CI effect sizes. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Harbord's and Begg's tests. https://www.selleckchem.com/TGF-beta.html Meta-analyses were used to assess estimated blood loss and operative duration (mean difference; MD), gross-total resection (odds ratio; OR), and postsurgical complications and postsurgical mortality (risk difference; RD). Thirty-four studies encompassing 1782 preoperatively embolized meningiomas were captured. The pooled immediate complication rate following embolization was 4.3% (34 studies, n = 1782).