The specific activities of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 210Pb, and 238U were measured in all samples using an HPGe gamma-ray spectrometer, and results were compared with available data from other similar studies. The results reveal that the radium equivalent activity was 74.20 Bq kg-1, external hazard index was 0.20, internal hazard index was 0.27, representative gamma index was 0.52, and indoor and outdoor annual effective dose rates were 0.16 nSv y-1 and 0.04 nSv y-1, respectively. Absorbed gamma dose rate in air was 32.87 nGy h-1. In general, these values are lower than the respective threshold limits recommended by UNSCEAR, and the radiation risk to the public is extremely small.
Some test must be applied to the low-level count data from alpha continuous air monitors (CAMs) to determine if the count is statistically significant (i.e., significantly above background). The method should be as sensitive as possible, automatically desensitizing when required due to radon progeny, yet in such a manner as to not exceed an acceptable false-alarm rate. The test that has been historically used within many alpha CAMs to accomplish these goals is the so-called sigma factor approach. In this paper, this approach is discussed with respect to four common CAM algorithms. These algorithms are referred to as the theoretical best possible algorithm, the 4-ROI algorithm, the tail-fitting algorithm, and the peak-fitting algorithm. Relative sensitivities are estimated for each algorithm.
Some test must be applied to the low-level count data from alpha continuous air monitors (CAMs) to determine if the count is statistically significant (i.e., significantly above background). The method should be as sensitive as possible, automatically desensitizing when required due to radon progeny, yet in such a manner as to not exceed an acceptable false-alarm rate. The test that has been historically used within many alpha CAMs to accomplish these goals is the so-called sigma factor approach. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/tecovirimat.html In this paper, this approach is discussed with respect to four common CAM algorithms. These algorithms are referred to as the theoretical best possible algorithm, the 4-ROI algorithm, the tail-fitting algorithm, and the peak-fitting algorithm. Relative sensitivities are estimated for each algorithm.
To assess centrally induced pain processing with pressure pain thresholds (PPT) bilaterally and remotely in active volleyball and basketball athletes with mild patellar tendinopathy compared to asymptomatic control athletes. Secondary objective was to explore the role of exercised induced analgesia during a training session in athletes with patellar tendinopathy.

In this exploratory study, PPTs of 21 patellar tendinopathy athletes and 16 age and sex matched asymptomatic team members were measured by a blinded assessor bilaterally on the patellar tendon and unilaterally on the elbow extensor tendon with a pressure algometer before, during and after a regular training session.

Patellar tendinopathy athletes had a significantly higher average body mass index compared to asymptomatic athletes (mean difference 1.75 (95%CI 0.35, 3.15), p= 0.02). At baseline, athletes with patellar tendinopathy showed lowered PPTs in the affected knee (p=0.001), unaffected knee (p<0.001), and elbow (p=0.01) compared to controls. No clear patterns were identified to explain between group differences in PPTs before, during and after exercise.

This exploratory study found primary and secondary mechanical hyperalgesia in athletes with patellar tendinopathy compared asymptomatic athletes. Further research is required on the effects of an acute exercise bout on pain thresholds in this population.
This exploratory study found primary and secondary mechanical hyperalgesia in athletes with patellar tendinopathy compared asymptomatic athletes. Further research is required on the effects of an acute exercise bout on pain thresholds in this population.
The Association of Academic Physiatrists (AAP) convened a Women's Task Force in 2016, under the leadership of then AAP President Gerard Francisco, MD, to evaluate data and metrics pertaining to the representation and inclusion of women physiatrists in the society. An initial published report focused on a retrospective analysis of data in categories such as leadership, conference presentations, and recognition awards. The findings, which highlighted areas in which the AAP had been successful in supporting gender equity as well as areas in which women physiatrists were underrepresented, provided a base from which to strategically focus on closing gaps in representation. The task force developed an action plan that was approved by the Board of Trustees and included strategies aimed at closing gaps and collecting data to determine corresponding effectiveness. Because most of the categories fell under the supervision of various AAP committees, an appointee from each committee ("diversity steward") liaised with tapproved by the Board of Trustees and included strategies aimed at closing gaps and collecting data to determine corresponding effectiveness. Because most of the categories fell under the supervision of various AAP committees, an appointee from each committee ("diversity steward") liaised with the Women's Task Force. The diversity stewards reviewed the plan with their respective committees and collected data within their committee's purview. This task force follow-up report documents recent progress, consistent with the AAP Board of Trustees commitment to transparency and gender equity.
The purpose of this study was to examine the attitudes of nursing students regarding nurses' involvement in health care policy and influencing factors.

Nurses have the potential to influence health care policy. In practice, their involvement in policy-making decisions has been unremarkable.

A cross-section study was performed. A self-report questionnaire measuring nurses' involvement in determining health care policy was distributed among 400 nursing students from three universities in Israel.

Most students intended to become involved in determining health care policy; however, they claimed that their level of awareness and training in the field was not adequate. Recently, a new model predicted a 74.8 percent involvement of future nurses in determining health care policy.

Nursing leaders and designers of nursing education programs must create professional and personal resources through political activism among nursing students in order to preserve patients' rights and treatment quality.
Nursing leaders and designers of nursing education programs must create professional and personal resources through political activism among nursing students in order to preserve patients' rights and treatment quality.