We have shown two types of connections between TMJ and ear first, with external acoustic meatus and, second, with middle ear through discomalleolar ligament. The different insertion represents a strong support in order to demonstrate that the TMJ disorders can determine variations of tension that are transmitted on the tympanic membrane provoking tinnitus in according to clinical features. Then, we propose that it is necessary to mention, also in anatomy textbook, the discomalleolar ligament as ligament distance of TMJ.Electricity bills in Kenya have been an issue of concern to electricity consumers in the recent past. Highly volatile oil prices and unprecedented weather fluctuations have acted as significant shocks for electricity generation, influencing electricity pricing. This study sought to investigate the contribution of diversity, spare capacity, and system structure as metrics in determining energy resilience. We contend that electricity prices represent the underlying fleet structure's ability to adjust to change and, therefore, can be used to predict energy resilience. Resilience metrics were determined using electricity generation data, electricity sales, electricity installed capacities, and electricity imports, while electricity prices represented the response variable. A regression model was fitted between the response variable and resilience metrics. Diversity, spare capacity, and import metrics play a significant role in predicting electricity prices. However, the diversity metric's role depends on the portfolio mix and requires further comparative empirical evidence.Shape memory alloys (SMAs) possess inherent superior properties that make their applications in active disassembly an emerging and interesting field of research. This is because extremely large forces can be generated repeatedly using a small compact-sized element, such as an SMA actuator. To ensure the ability of the SMA actuator to generate a repeated large force or withstand repeated load, several factors should be considered. These include factors that affect the value of the generated recovery forces, such as the amount of strain used, activation temperature, activation time, and cross-sectional area of the SMA element. In general, the compressive strain can be considered as the most influential factor that affects the value of the generated recovery force. The present research investigates the possible use of the SMA actuator in large-force active disassembly applications. To the best of the authors' knowledge, all the studies conducted in this field are concerned with implementing active disassembly in applications requiring small disassembly forces. The present research was conducted in three phases. First, the behaviour of the SMA element upon exposure to different repetitive compressive strains was studied, and the generated recovery force and strain hardening induced in the material were considered to ensure the continuous generation of large recovery forces with the least amount of residual strain induced in the material. Second, the optimum value of the compressive strain required to generate the maximum force with the least amount of residual strain induced in the material was estimated. Third, a practical case study was presented to validate the possible implementation of SMA actuators in large force active disassembly applications. The study successfully estimated the optimum compressive strain value that generated the required recovery force to disassemble the conducted case study using active disassembly technique.Nostalgic memories serve to increase human resilience. Here, we hypothesized that emotional impressions on a narrator's nostalgic memory change depending on the level of empathy in the listener's response. This independent-measures study was conducted in 120 healthy Japanese undergraduates (66 women, 54 men, M age 20.3 ± 1.9 years). Nostalgia was induced using a medley of Japanese pop songs from the years 2006-2010. Thirty minutes later each participant was randomly allocated to be interviewed by an experimenter who applied one of three listening conditions empathy, non-empathy, or non-response. Output measures were participant's talking time, nostalgia ratings, and positive and negative emotion ratings. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gsk3326595-epz015938.html Data were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by a multiple comparisons test. Empathy group participants had a significantly longer talking time than non-empathy or non-response participants, higher nostalgia scores than non-response participants, and higher positive emotion scores than non-empathy and non-response participants, but lower negative emotion scores than non-reponse participants. Participants were then divided into a less nostalgia-prone and a more nostalgia-prone group using the Southampton Nostalgia Rating Scale and the data were reanalyzed for each experimental condition. The results showed that a person more prone to nostalgia felt more nostalgic and more positive toward their autobiographical memory than those who are less nostalgia-prone. The present findings have implications for human interaction in everyday life and in therapeutic settings.Raspberry (Rubus sp.) is a berries fruit with an ongoing agricultural and commercial interest due to its high contents of flavonoids and nutrients beneficial for human health. The growing demand for raspberries is facing great challenges associated mainly with the dispersal of diseases, which produces a decrease in productivity and fruit quality. A broad range of genomic resources is available for other Rosaceae species; however, genomic resources for species of the Rubus genus are still limited. Here, we characterize the transcriptome of the Rubus idaeus (Var. Amira) in order to 1) provide clues in the transcriptional changes of R. idaeus against tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV); and 2) generate genomic resources for this economically important species. We generate more than 200 million sequencing reads from two mRNA samples of raspberry, infected and not infected by ToRSV, using Illumina technology. After de novo assembly, we obtained 68,853 predicted protein-coding sequences of which 71.3% and 61.3% were annotated using Gene Ontology and Pfam databases, respectively.