ncreasing the IVC rate compared to distance learning. It also promotes positive changes in attitudes to this prophylactic procedure, which is why it should be recommended for wider implementation. Med Pr. 2020;71(6)665-85.
To assess post-operative outcomes following photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in patients with posterior corneal steepening compared to an age, gender and refraction matched control group.

A retrospective matched case-control study that analysed outcomes of PRK in eyes with posterior corneal steepening as shown by the Sirius tomography (Sirius, CSO, Italy), versus normal eyes. Both groups were age, gender and refraction matched. Data collected include demographic data, pre-operative and post-operative refraction, uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), maximal ablation depth. Inferior-superior ratio, central corneal thickness (CCT), mean posterior keratometry (K), Baiocchi Calossi Versaci index for the front (BCV
) and back (BCV
) cornea, the symmetry index of front (SI
) and back (SI
) corneal curvature were assessed pre- and postoperatively.

Overall, 89 study eyes and 954 normal myopic eyes were included. Compared to the control group, corneas with posterior steepening demonstrated significantly reduced CDVA (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.007) and lower CCT (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.03), before and following the operation, respectively. Pre-operative BCV
, BCV
, SI
and SI
were significantly higher in corneas with posterior steepening (p < 0.0001) and remained higher following the surgery except for BCV
. Ectasia occurred in one eye (1.1%). The safety and efficacy indices at 12 months were comparable for both groups.

PRK on corneas with posterior steepening results in similar refractive outcomes compared to normal eyes, 1 year following the surgery. Keratectasia is a rare, however a possible complication.
PRK on corneas with posterior steepening results in similar refractive outcomes compared to normal eyes, 1 year following the surgery. Keratectasia is a rare, however a possible complication.
To evaluate the microvasculature alterations in convalescent Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and to explore the association between microvasculature and the presence of sunset glow fundus (SGF).

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 28 VKH patients at convalescent stage and 25 healthy individuals. Both eyes of each participant were enrolled. The VKH patients were classified into two subgroups based on the existence of SGF. OCTA images (3 × 3 mm) were assessed for the data of superficial capillaris plexus (SCP), deep capillaris plexus (DCP), choriocapillaris, and foveal avascular zone (FAZ).

Compared with healthy control eyes and eyes without SGF, the vessel densities of the SCP and DCP decreased significantly in most regions of eyes with SGF (p < 0.0167). No significant difference of vascular perfusion was found between eyes without SGF and control eyes (p > 0.05). VKH patients with SGF had slightly increased FAZ area (p = 0.067) and decreased choroid flow area (p = 0.427) than those in the control group.

Convalescent VKH patients with SGF showed decreased macular capillary perfusion. OCTA could serve as a sensitive tool to assess the microvasculature alterations of VKH disease.
Convalescent VKH patients with SGF showed decreased macular capillary perfusion. OCTA could serve as a sensitive tool to assess the microvasculature alterations of VKH disease.
To compare fibrin glue (with three cardinal sutures) (FG) and polygalactin suture (PS) for mucous membrane grafting (MMG) in terms of graft apposition and recurrence of lid margin keratinization (LMK) and metaplastic lashes (ML) in patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS).

Prospective randomized comparative interventional study.

Twenty patients diagnosed with SJS and lid margin abnormalities including LMK with or without ML were randomized to undergo either fibrin glue (FG)-assisted MMG (n = 10) or continuous 8-0 polygalactin suture (PS)-assisted MMG (n = 10). They were evaluated preoperatively and during follow-up at 1 week and 1, 2, 3, and 6 months. The parameters assessed were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer-1 test, corneal and conjunctival complications, graft apposition and width (GW), LMK, ML, impression cytology, and operative time. The primary outcome measures are incidence of graft displacement and recurrence of LMK and ML.

None of the eyelids in FG group (0/40) and 1 eyelid in PS group (1/40) had graft displacement. Recurrence of LMK occurred in 7.5% of eyelids (3/40) in both the study groups. Recurrence of ML occurred in 2.5% (1/40) in FG group and 5% (2/40) in PS group. The mean operative time for MMG in FG group was 39.5 ± 2.40 min and in PS group was 56 ± 1.63 min (p = 0.001).

As graft apposition with suture involves significantly longer intraoperative time, if cost is not a limiting factor then fibrin glue is a viable option for the MMG for lid margin pathologies.
As graft apposition with suture involves significantly longer intraoperative time, if cost is not a limiting factor then fibrin glue is a viable option for the MMG for lid margin pathologies.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of vitrectomy timing on anatomical and functional outcomes in cases with open-globe injuries caused by improvised explosive devices (IEDs).

A retrospective review of ocular injuries caused by IEDs was undertaken. The eyes were classified into four groups based on the timing of vitrectomy early (Group-1; 2-4 days), delayed (Group-2; 5-7 days), late (Group-3; 8-14 days) and very late (Group-4; >14 days).

The medical records of 351 patients were reviewed, and 212 patients were excluded. A total of 189 eyes of the remaining 139 patients were analysed. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cd437.html Visual improvements were statistically significant compared to the baseline values in all groups (p < 0.001). The early group showed better functional and structural outcomes when compared to the other groups. There was also no proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) in the early group, while PVR was at the highest rate (25%) in the very late group and constituted the most significant reason for recurrent retinal detachment.