A recent initiative known as the International Investigation of Parental Burnout, sought to study the prevalence of parental burnout in over 40 countries globally using the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA) instrument. Four countries investigated here provide a first insight into parental burnout in Africa, based on a pooled dataset of 738 parents (48.8% mothers) sampled from Burundi (n = 187; 25.3%), Cameroon (n = 208; 28.2%), Rwanda (n = 240; 32.5%), and Togo (n = 103; 14%). As a first step, we tested the content validity of the PBA that was developed and validated in Western countries. Second, we tested the relations between the PBA and several sociodemographic characteristics such as age, gender, and level of education. The results provide evidence that the concept of parental burnout makes sense for African parents, and that the PBA can be considered as a psychometrically sound instrument to measure it. However, the results also point to the need for further exploration of the nature of parental burnout in Africa. As in previous studies, low correlations between parental burnout and the sociodemographic characteristics were found. Finally, the current results suggest the existence of parenting subcultures across the four participating countries that would be interesting to document.Collagenofibrotic glomerulopathy (CG) is a rare disease characterized by the deposition of collagen type 3 fibrils in the glomeruli. Patients may have proteinuria, hematuria, and/or renal dysfunction. CG is considered a progressive disease with variable rates of progression. The definitive diagnosis is made by electron microscopy with the presence of characteristic subendothelial and mesangial curved, comma-like, banded collagen type 3 fibers of 40-65 nm periodicity. We are reporting the first case of CG in a kidney transplant recipient with kidney disease of unknown cause.Metal-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution (AAS) reaction is one of the most synthetically useful reactions catalyzed by metal complexes for the formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. It comprises the substitution of allylic substrates with a wide range of nucleophiles or SN 2'-type allylic substitution, which results in the formation of the above-mentioned bonds with high levels of enantioselective induction. AAS reaction tolerates a broad range of functional groups, thus has been successfully applied in the asymmetric synthesis of a wide range of optically pure compounds. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/nps-2143.html This reaction has been extensively used in the total synthesis of several complex molecules, especially natural products. In this review, we try to highlight the applications of metal (Pd, Ir, Mo, or Cu)-catalyzed AAS reaction in the total synthesis of the biologically active natural products, as a key step, updating the subject from 2003 till date.
Sarcopenia and visceral obesity are major global public health issues, and higher mean corpuscular volume (MCV) levels are related to adverse outcomes. Nevertheless, no study has determined the association between MCV and body composition. Therefore, we evaluated the association between MCV levels and trunk muscle quality, muscle quantity and visceral fat area.

In our cross-sectional study, we investigated 702 middle-aged Japanese individuals without anemia and with normal MCV levels who underwent physical checkups. The cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle or visceral fat was analyzed by computed tomography.

In the adjusted model, the MCV was independently associated with the visceral fat area index (β=-0.107, P=0.0007), total skeletal muscle index (β=0.053, P=0.0341) and total skeletal muscle density (β=0.099, P=0.0012). MCV as a continuous variable was related to the prevalence of sarcopenia (odds ratios [OR] 0.93, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.88-0.98, per 1.0fL increment; P=0.0097) and visceral obesity (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.86-0.97, per 1.0fL increment; P=0.0046). The highest MCV quartile was independently associated with the prevalence of sarcopenia (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.27-0.83; P=0.0089) and visceral obesity (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.27-0.88; P=0.0170), compared with the lowest quartile.

In individuals without anemia and with normal MCV levels, a lower MCV was associated with unfavorable body composition, including lower muscle quality, lower muscle quantity, sarcopenia and visceral obesity.
In individuals without anemia and with normal MCV levels, a lower MCV was associated with unfavorable body composition, including lower muscle quality, lower muscle quantity, sarcopenia and visceral obesity.Dormancy is colloquially considered as extending lifespan by being still. Starved yeasts form dormant spores that wake-up (germinate) when nutrients reappear but cannot germinate (die) after some time. What sets their lifespans and how they age are open questions because what processes occur-and by how much-within each dormant spore remains unclear. With single-cell-level measurements, we discovered how dormant yeast spores age and die spores have a quantifiable gene-expressing ability during dormancy that decreases over days to months until it vanishes, causing death. Specifically, each spore has a different probability of germinating that decreases because its ability to-without nutrients-express genes decreases, as revealed by a synthetic circuit that forces GFP expression during dormancy. Decreasing amounts of molecules required for gene expression-including RNA polymerases-decreases gene-expressing ability which then decreases chances of germinating. Spores gradually lose these molecules because they are produced too slowly compared with their degradations, causing gene-expressing ability to eventually vanish and, thus, death. Our work provides a systems-level view of dormancy-to-death transition.A 12-year-old male child presented with complaints of a slow growing swelling in the right parasternal region noticed since one month. On examination, the lump was 2 × 2 cm firm, mobile nontender located in the subcutaneous plane which was also confirmed radiologically. Fine needle aspiration cytology was attempted showed small to medium sized monotonous round cell morphology, nuclear molding and mitotic figures were frequent. Few cells exhibiting rosettoid arrangement. No definite epithelial or mesenchymal component was evident. No glio-fibrillary matrix or lymphoglandular bodies were evident in the smears. Based on morphology, a small round cell tumor was considered with possibilities of Wilm's tumor and Ewing's family of tumor. Based on morphological differentials ICC was requested, tumor cells were positive for strong nuclear WT1 staining while CK and FLI1 were negative. The cytomorphology along with the ICC confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic wilm's tumor. Seven years back, patient had a history of nephrectomy, which on histopathology was reported as triphasic Wilms tumor with favorable histology.