Raised alpha-fetoprotein level >165.2 IU/ML was found in 53.9%. One hundred and forty-four patients were eligible for only analgesia.

HBV infection is the leading aetiologial risk factor associated with HCC. Majority of HBV carriers are aware of their status but do not receive care prior to HCC diagnosis. Majority present late and are eligible for only palliative treatment. Improvement in the health seeking behavior of HBV carriers can aid early detection of HCC.
HBV infection is the leading aetiologial risk factor associated with HCC. Majority of HBV carriers are aware of their status but do not receive care prior to HCC diagnosis. Majority present late and are eligible for only palliative treatment. Improvement in the health seeking behavior of HBV carriers can aid early detection of HCC.Photokeratitis is a painful keratitis caused by exposure of insufficiently protected eyes to the ultraviolet (UV) rays. We talk about "arc eye" when photokeratitis is caused by UV rays emitted by electric arc during electric arc welding process. We here report the case of a 35-year old rider, with no previous medical-surgical history, who had looked at an electric arc for a few minutes while the doors of his building were welded. He had bilateral burning in his eyes associated with lacrimation, photophobia and blepharospasm. Clinical examination showed corrected visual acuity of 8/10 and 9/10, conjunctival hyperemia with punctate erosive keratitis limited to palpebral fissure after the use of fluorescein. Given patient's clinical picture, keratoconjunctivitis photoelectrica (arc eye) was diagnosed. Treatment was based on topical antibiotics, wetting agents as well as agents with healing properties. Outcome was marked by total disappearance of the signs with restoration of bilateral visual acuity (10/10). This study highlights the role of prevention using appropriate protection equipment.
Skill mix refers to the range of professional development and competencies, skills and experiences of staff within a particular working environment that link with specific outcome while responding to client needs. A balanced skill-mix and distribution of core human resources is important to strengthen decision-making process and rapid responses. We analysed graduates´ information of the Tanzania Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program (TFELTP) between 2008-2016, distribution of skill-mix and the surveillance workforce-gaps within regions.

Trainees´ data of nine cohorts enrolled between 2008 and 2016 were extracted from the program database. Distribution by sex, region and cadres/profession was carried out. An indicator to determine enhanced-skill mix was established based on the presence of a clinician, nurse, laboratory scientist and environmental health officer. A complete enhanced skill-mix was considered when all four were available and have received FELTP training.

The TFELTP has trainedetent and key workforce cadres might impede effective response. Strategies to increase program awareness at subnational levels is needed to improve performance of surveillance and response system in Tanzania.Angiosarcoma is a rare tumor which can affect multiple sites. However, it most commonly arises from the skin. Then symptoms have been associated with clinical polymorphism. This tumor has a poor prognosis due to its high tendency to local recurrence and distant metastases. We here report the case of a 72-year old man in whom an angiosarcoma of the shoulder arose from a trauma which occurred one year before it was accidentally detected. https://www.selleckchem.com/mTOR.html The patient presented with persistent pain in a swelling area at the posterior portion of the shoulder involved in the trauma. Clinical examination showed previous and partially calcified hematoma. Diagnosis was based on puncture biopsy of the mass collecting 5 cc of blackish blood and on ultrasound. Shoulder x-ray was normal. An assessment of the swelling was performed. This helped to highlight and resect some reddish, significantly bleeding friable tissue hardly managed for two days and complicated by poorly tolerated anemia corrected with two blood transfusions. Anatomopathological examination of the resected tissues showed moderately differentiated angiosarcoma unfortunately without healthy margins. Staging evaluation was performed in order to detect metastases. No local recurrence was reported over a period of three months and the patient was referred to a specialized center in Lusaka for complementary radiotherapy. The purpose of this work is to report a rare case of angiosarcoma accidentally detected in a patient with a history of trauma to the left shoulder and to highlight the therapeutic features, while conducting a literature review.Intercostal lung herniation is defined as a protrusion of the lung parenchyma through a defect in the intercostal muscles between adjacent ribs. The authors report a case of intercostal pulmonary hernia in a 45-year-old male patient, with smoking habit (30 packs-year), presented to the emergency department with dyspnea. He had the history of pulmonary emphysema complicated with a total right pneumothorax in 2015 treated by mini-thoracotomy with bullectomy and pleural abrasion. In 2019, he was admitted to hospital for left chest pain. The computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest revealed a bilateral emphysema with intercostal lung hernia through the fourth intercostal space the patient underwent, a left thoracotomy with repair of the intercostal muscle defect. He was discharged from hospital free of complications.A 14 year old male was diagnosed with asthma but didn't improve with appropriate inhalation therapy. Rigid bronchoscopy revealed a food fragment, almost completely occluding the lower-left bronchus lumen. Based on the reported history, it had been likely there for several years.
The year 2017 marked a transition period with the end of the implementation of Cameroon´s 2014-2017 HIV/AIDS National Strategic Plan (NSP) and the development of the 2018-2022 NSP. We assessed barriers and challenges to service delivery and uptake along the HIV care cascade in Cameroon to inform decision making within the framework of the new NSP, to achieve the UNAIDS 90-90-90 target.

We conducted a cross sectional descriptive study nationwide, enrolling HIV infected patients and staff. Data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, HIV testing, antiretroviral therapy and viral load testing delivery and uptake and factors that limit their access.

A total of 137 staff and 642 people living with HIV (PLHIV) were interviewed. Of 642 PLHIV with known status, 339 (53%) repeated their HIV test at least once, with range 1-10 and median 2 (IQR 1-3). Having attained secondary level of education (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.04-4.14; P=0.04) or more (OR 2.91, 95% CI 1.16-7.28; P=0.02) were significantly associated with repeat testing.