01/15/2025


23% inhibition at 1000 µg/ml. The outcomes of the present study indicated that the HWE possesses a potential antidiabetic activity both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, it can be used as a nontoxic complementary drug in the controlling of diabetes and related complications, thus providing scientific authentication of its use as an antidiabetic agent. © 2020 The Author(s).Renin angiotensin system (RAS) is an endocrine system widely known for its physiological roles in electrolyte homeostasis, body fluid volume regulation and cardiovascular control in peripheral circulation. However, brain RAS is an independent form of RAS expressed locally in the brain, which is known to be involved in brain functions and disorders. There is strong evidence for a major involvement of excessive brain angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)/Angiotensin II (Ang II)/Angiotensin type-1 receptor (AT-1R) axis in increased activation of oxidative stress, apoptosis and neuroinflammation causing neurodegeneration in several brain disorders. Numerous studies have demonstrated strong neuroprotective effects by blocking AT1R in these brain disorders. Additionally, the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/Angiotensin (1-7)/Mas receptor (MASR), is another axis of brain RAS which counteracts the damaging effects of ACE/Ang II/AT1R axis on neurons in the brain. Thus, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and activation of ACE2/Angiotensin (1-7)/MASR axis may serve as an exciting and novel method for neuroprotection in several neurodegenerative diseases. Here in this review article, we discuss the expression of RAS in the brain and highlight how altered RAS level may cause neurodegeneration. Understanding the pathophysiology of RAS and their links to neurodegeneration has enormous potential to identify potentially effective pharmacological tools to treat neurodegenerative diseases in the brain. © 2020 The Authors.Objective The study aims at discussing the effect of nicotinamide mononucleotides on protecting hemorrhagic transformation of cerebral infarction in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. Method Male mice aged 4-5 weeks and weighing about 22-35 g in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital are divided into three groups sham group, collagenase intracerebral hemorrhage model (cICH + Vehicle) group and collagenase nicotinamide mononucleotide (cICH + NMN) group. Then, the intervention therapy research is carried out. After 24 h, the neurological function, brain edema, hematoma volume, body weight, hemorrhage volume, RNA expression level, apoptosis, inflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in surrounding tissues of mice are analyzed comprehensively. Results Compared with the other two groups, nicotinamide mononucleotides in MCAO model have significant effects on improving neurological function, brain edema, inflammatory factors, body weight and cell apoptosis in mice, but have no significant effect on hemorrhage volume and hematoma volume in mice. Conclusion Nicotinamide mononucleotides can significantly improve the collagenase-induced intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) model in mice under MCAO model, and they can protect the brain tissue of mice from RNA level to tissue cell level or mouse body weight and volume level. © 2019 The Author(s).This study investigated the in vitro antioxidant, proapoptotic and anti-proliferative activity of phycocyanin extracted from Ulva lactuca (Chlorophyta) algae extract loaded on albumin nanoparticle (ULANP). The characterization of ULANP profile was done by using FTIR and its cytotoxicity was investigated by using MTT assay against HepG2 and MCF7 cell lines. The proapoptotic markers caspase 8 & 9 were measured. Analysis of ULANP by FTIR showed the characteristic band (2100 cm-1 ~3700 cm-1) that is indicated primarily by -COO, -CO and conjugated double bond. These bonds showed the spectral band at peaks of 2985 cm-1 and 2860 cm-1, 2986 cm-1 respectively. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/NVP-BHG712.html The antioxidant potential and radical scavenging property of ULANP was also appreciable as compared to the vitamin C and gallic acid. The antiproliferative assay carried out by WST-1 suggests that ULANP was effective against both HepG2 (93.17%) and MCF7 (91.3%). Caspase-8 and -9 were significantly elevated (p  less then  0.001) in both the cell lines of breast and liver cancer. It was concluded that ULANP induced anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities on liver and breast cancer. It is promising as a novel antitumor activity for further investigation the mechanistic pathways mediated this action. © 2020 The Author.A fast and simple technique is proposed for the detection and quantitative determination of six non-polar pesticides including pyrethroids (cypermethrin, deltamethrin), organochlorines (hexachlorobenzene, α-hexachlorocyclohexane) and organophosphorus (chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion) accumulated in fat tissues of local cattle, sheep and goats. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry detection (GC-MS) adapted to cleanup procedures based on solid-phase extraction from QuEChERS method was adopted. The work was performed for quantitative affirmation of most customarily used pesticides in Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region of Iraq and also the impact of boiling (100 °C, 30 min) and broiling (176 °C, 20 min) on chosen pesticides was evaluated. Among the results of 150 fat samples presented, the dominant compound in cattle samples was hexachlorobenzene (0.236 mg kg-1); while, in sheep and goats it was deltamethrin (0.248 and 0.122 mg kg-1 respectively). Boiling reduced pesticide concentration significantly (P  less then  0.05) and the most reduced group was pyrethroids in both techniques. Good responses for the six analytes were obtained at validation level of 0.01-0.1 mg kg-1. The linear coefficient was between 0.9997 and 0.9999 and limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) ranged 0.0052-0.014 mg kg-1 and 0.015-0.044 mg kg-1 respectively. Acceptable recoveries (81.5-98.6%) and relative standard deviation (0.3-9.3%) were obtained in different spiked levels. The validation results confirmed that the proposed GC-MS technique can be utilized as a dependable screening apparatus for the quantitative screening of studied pesticides in fat tissues with accuracy and sensitivity, if deployed along with solid-phase extraction based QuEChERS method. © 2019 The Author(s).